| December 15, 2025

Cellular is Faster than Wi-Fi in Many U.S. Airports

Still downloading shows over airport Wi-Fi before your flight? Here’s where you should consider your mobile provider

Many passengers’ pre-boarding ritual remains that of jumping on the free airport Wi-Fi to download the latest shows from Netflix, Hulu, or Amazon Prime Video for guilt-free binging during the flight. This is despite the improving performance of in-flight Wi-Fi and airlines hosting oodles of content — movies, games, shopping – accessible by fingertip through the screens on the back of the seat inches from one’s eyeballs.

If you are still logging into the airport Wi-Fi to download season 21 of One Piece (197 episodes) or have been saving the season 5 four-episode drop of Stranger Things for your flight home for the holidays (before three more episodes on December 25th), using your mobile service provider might be the faster option if you’re about to board your plane.

Key Takeaways

  • Mobile providers had a faster median download speed than Wi-Fi in most airports and more than twice as fast on average (219.24 Mbps, 101.39 Mbps).
  • Verizon was fastest in the most airports comparing among all mobile providers and airport Wi-Fi including ties, and even with T-Mobile considering outright results.
    • Among only mobile providers in airports, Verizon also led the airports count of outright fastest results. 
  • Airport Wi-Fi was faster than mobile providers in just over one-third of head-to-head comparisons (including ties), and faster than all mobile providers in five airports.
    • Older Wi-Fi technologies may be holding back internet speed in airports with 72.9% of Speedtest samples on Wi-Fi 5 and older generation versus 46.0% in the U.S. overall. 

 

Approach

In the past year, Ookla reported on airport Wi-Fi and mobile service together. However, mobile service together, in aggregate, does not represent the actual choice the most mobile consumers have before them. That is, the options for online connectivity are Wi-Fi and my mobile service provider.

Across the top 50 U.S. airports by passengers, we examined Speedtest user data for median download speed across the airport Wi-Fi (based on SSID; two airports’ network management policy excludes our tests) and by each of the big three mobile providers – AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon – in the first half of 2025. Download speed is understandable to the individual, especially for our cherished Speedtest users, and directly appropriate to the use case of downloading content. And, more significantly, it is a representation of network capacity for everyone. That said, network design requirements and performance objectives of the Wi-Fi and mobile providers may not be to maximize throughput speeds, versus handling more connected devices or optimizing connection stability, for example.

 

Altitude: Highest and Lowest Five Airports for Mobile and Wi-Fi Download Speeds

All of the airport results are available in the map above, and here are the fastest and slowest five airport median download speeds (in Mbps) for each mobile provider and Wi-Fi.

 

Arrivals

The mobile providers held an edge overall and individually compared with Wi-Fi in terms of the number of airports with the fastest median download speed. Verizon had the most with 34 where it was faster than Wi-Fi, including two airports that were tied with Wi-Fi. T-Mobile was faster than Wi-Fi in 32 airports, and AT&T faster in 28 airports, including one tie.

Mobile or Wi-Fi? Number of airports where faster
Speedtest Intelligence data, count of airports by service provider with fastest median download speed, 1H 2025

Comparing just the mobile providers (i.e., Wi-Fi excluded), Verizon had the fastest median download speed in 26 airports (including two ties), T-Mobile was fastest in 16 airports (including one tie), and AT&T was fastest in 8 airports (including one tie).

Fastest Mobile Provider | Number of airports where fastest
Speedtest Intelligence, based on median download speeds, 1H 2025

Wi-Fi was faster than any mobile provider in these five airports:

  • Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International 
  • San Francisco International 
  • Orlando International 
  • Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International 
  • Baltimore/Washington International (tie)

Mobile and Wi-Fi Median Download Speeds at U.S. Airports
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

Observation Deck

Houston’s problem

Appearing in AT&T’s, Verizon’s and Wi-Fi’s bottom five, the two airports serving the Houston metropolitan area had slow median download speeds for their airport Wi-Fi as well.

Airport

AT&T

T-Mobile

Verizon

Airport Wi-Fi

George Bush Intercontinental 

4.77

242.29

15.79

21.36

William P. Hobby 

19.97

108.65

43.74

21.67

Wi-Fi is better by the Bay

As shown in Wi-Fi’s fastest five airports, Oakland International and Norman Y. Mineta San José International made that list. Rounding out the Bay Area airportstrio, the Wi-Fi speed in San Francisco International comfortably topped the mobile providers.

Airport

AT&T

T-Mobile

Verizon

Airport Wi-Fi

Oakland International 

229.70

28.58

103.90

194.23

Norman Y. Mineta San José International 

103.83

211.40

251.06

176.59

San Francisco International 

67.07

92.91

100.56

169.51

If you’re going to San Francisco, SFO was the only airport in our analysis with Speedtest samples using the 6 GHz band. This was on Wi-Fi 6E – too soon to expect Wi-Fi 7 in airports – with a median download speed of 364.74 Mbps (also remarkable were the median upload speed of 426.04 Mbps and an 8 ms multi-server latency).

Wi-Fi generations

Wi-Fi 6E is part of the Wi-Fi 6 standard (802.11ax) that has “extended” (hence the E) to include the 6 GHz band along with 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.

Wi-Fi Generations | U.S. Airports and U.S. Overall
Speedtest sample mix, 1H 2025 and 1Q 2025

Examining the mix of Speedtest samples across Wi-Fi generations, an astonishing share (70.1%) were on Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac), which was introduced in 2013. Wi-Fi 6, introduced in 2019, offers numerous benefits:

Speed and capacity 

  • Higher theoretical maximum speeds 
  • Sends data to multiple devices simultaneously in a single transmission (versus one device at a time)
  • Handles more connected devices

Performance and latency 

  • Manages traffic more efficiently for lower latency
  • More effective interference mitigation for better performance in crowded environments
  • Improved uplink technology means faster uploads

These are many good reasons for an airport to upgrade to Wi-Fi 6. However, the cost and effort needed for upgrading an airport is undoubtedly magnitudes beyond that of swapping out the home router. Most homes don’t have capital budget planning cycles for upgrading technology infrastructure, but judging by the overall U.S. Wi-Fi 6 at 44.2% (versus 26.2% in airports), more passengers are carrying devices capable of using the upgrade.

Boingo-es faster

Boingo, a connectivity solutions company, frequently appears in this research as the airport’s Wi-Fi service provider – 29 times in this analysis. Boingo-served airports averaged download speeds of 110.30 Mbps compared to non-Boingo airports at 88.38 Mbps. This difference in speed suggests that Boingo’s know-how is scalable and portable.

Baggage Claim

For the millions of passengers traveling through U.S. airports, this analysis offers a clear strategy: don’t assume the free Wi-Fi is your best option. This isn’t to denigrate Wi-Fi’s performance, which in most airports is more than satisfactory, and again, free (well, ad supported, frequently). It’s a great value. 

For mobile-first travelers, already paying for unlimited data, the sunk cost economics of downloading over cellular is also free. But also this isn’t a false-choice fallacy – both options are waiting for you to use. Run a Speedtest to see which to select. Luffy and Nancy Wheeler will be glad you did.


Recent Ookla analysis and reporting on airports:

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

| August 26, 2025

Turning Wanderlust into Roaming Revenue

Tools to Assess Roaming in Latin America and Elsewhere

Spanish/Español

As in many other areas of the world, post-pandemic travel into, out of and throughout Latin America is on the rise. And that’s no surprise: Whether the destination is Rio de Janeiro, Cancún, Iguazu Falls or the inside of an important client’s office, many of the 20 countries that make up Latin America are reporting major increases in tourism and travel.

And – as in many other areas of the world – this is paramount to the mobile network operators that cover Latin America. That’s because more travel means more possible revenues from roaming. After all, wireless connectivity is quickly shifting from a travel convenience to a travel necessity.

Here’s a look at how Ookla data can help operators navigate their roaming businesses through these changes.

Key Takeaways:

  • Plenty of new trends are poised to cut into operators’ roaming revenues such as increasingly capable and available Wi-Fi options. Beyond that, eSIM operators are threatening to upend traditional competitive dynamics. Some regulators are pushing for cheaper and simpler roaming agreements. And some bigger operators are using their competitive weight to push for unlimited international roaming options.
  • Amid these threats, Ookla Speedtest® data can help operators ascertain their customers’ top travel destinations. Knowing that Canada is one of the top stops for travelers from Mexico, for example, can help guide operators in their pursuit of international roaming agreements.
  • Ookla data can also help illuminate some operator’s existing roaming strategies. For example, it seems some providers, like America Movil, have kept their customers’ connections inside their own network footprints, or those of select partners. Meanwhile, other operators have been more willing to let their traveling customers roam onto a variety of competing networks.
  • Finally, it’s clear that Latin American travelers can have a wide variety of roaming experiences. In some cases, customers’ travel connections have been faster than the speeds they receive in their home country – for example, users with Telefonica service from Mexico recorded 34.4 Mbps median download speeds in Mexico, but 55.8 Mbps median download speeds when they traveled internationally.

Travel Destinations

Mexico has a population of 131 million, putting it second to the region’s biggest country, Brazil, which counts 212 million residents. But Mexico is the undisputed tourism leader in Latin America. The country attracted 45 million international visitors in 2024, up 7.4% from the previous year.  Brazil, for its part, hosted 6.8 million international tourists in 2024, up 14.6% year over year.

Those figures are undoubtedly a boon to the two countries’ mobile network operators, which can profit from the sale of roaming connections to all those inbound travelers.

However, those same operators also must address outbound roaming fees if they want to keep their customers connected when they travel abroad. This is where Ookla data comes in handy.

Over the past 12 months, customers with service from a Mexican mobile network operator often traveled to the US or Canada, according to Ookla Speedtest data. Other top destinations for travelers from Mexico included Colombia, Spain and Guatemala.

Similarly, the US was a top destination for customers who purchased their mobile services from a Brazilian operator. Other top destinations for such customers included Argentina, Portugal, Paraguay and Italy.

Latin American travelers' top roaming destinations
Past 12 months
This is a chart that shows the types of connections mobile customers use when they travel from Brazil to the US, divided up by Wi-Fi, 4G and 5G. They mostly use Wi-Fi.

The US was also a popular destination for travelers from other Latin American countries, such as Argentina and Chile, though not to the same degree as for travelers from Mexico (which of course sits on the southern border of the US).

Regardless, this kind of information can help guide Latin American operators as they sign roaming agreements with their international operator peers – and those decisions will ultimately impact the experiences their roaming customers will receive. After all, customers who use the Speedtest app to check their connections are probably the ones who care about the quality of those connections.

Within this data, it’s also worth noting that almost all of these countries are enjoying a general rise in their overall mobile Internet speeds. That’s important given the concurrent increase in the number of people traveling across Latin America’s borders.

Median mobile download speeds at top destinations for Latin American travelers
From Ookla Speedtest Intelligence, for all cellular technologies
This chart shows median mobile download speeds across several different countries from 2020 to 2024, with the US showing the greatest growth.

This rise in speeds spans much of the region – except for outlying locations such as Paraguay, where 5G is still in its infancy.

This kind of network performance information can also help assuage travelers who are increasingly relying on their phones for travel necessities like maps, translation apps and, of course, sun-drenched Instagram posts – as long as their roaming plans provide access to these speedy networks.

Picking the right connection

Like all modern travelers, Latin American globetrotters must decide: Cellular or Wi-Fi? Is it possible to use local Wi-Fi connections in order to avoid a mobile operator’s international roaming fees?

Over the past 12 months, it appears that travelers who hail from Mexico were keen to employ the Wi-Fi option. For example, more than half of all travelers from Mexico to the US relied on Wi-Fi connections instead of 4G LTE or 5G when they arrived in the US. In contrast, travelers who bought service from an operator in Brazil and then traveled to the US didn’t show nearly as much interest in Wi-Fi as their Mexican peers.

Travelers from Brazil & Mexico to the US, by connection type
Customers who purchased service in Brazil & Mexico and then connected to a US network, past 12 months
This is a chart that shows the types of connections (WiFi, 5G, 4G) that people access when they travel from Brazil & Mexico to the US.

Travelers originating in Argentina, Colombia and Chile showed this same proclivity for Wi-Fi. Indeed, roughly 80% of the mobile customers over the past 12 months who purchased service in Argentina and then traveled to Brazil (the top destination for these kinds of Argentinian travelers) connected to Wi-Fi when they arrived in Brazil.

However, this could be due to a variety of factors beyond the price of international cellular data. For example, Mexico City’s “Internet for All” initiative, aimed at bridging the digital divide, now spans tens of thousands of free Wi-Fi hotspots, earning the effort a nod from the Guinness World Records in 2021. Since 17% of Mexico’s total population lives in the larger Mexico City metropolitan area, travelers from Mexico may have a higher affinity for public Wi-Fi connections.

But Wi-Fi isn’t the only technology affecting the roaming equation for mobile customers and network operators in Latin America and elsewhere. For example, eSIM technology allows travelers to bypass their home operator’s roaming packages in favor of local or regional data plans that may be less expensive. This trend could help erode operators’ legacy roaming revenues – the GSMA projects that a remarkable 75% of smartphone connections in Latin America will use eSIM by 2030.

A final, critical factor that may affect the Latin American market stems from unlimited roaming offerings. For example, T-Mobile and AT&T are selling premium plans in the US that include roaming across Latin American at no extra cost. This reframes international connectivity as an included feature rather than a costly add-on – another competitive lever against the traditional roaming business model.

Roaming costs and roaming partners 

A central question in any analysis of the Latin American roaming market is the financial impact of such services on operators, whether through fees paid to their international roaming partners or through revenues gained from inbound connections. However, obtaining precise figures in this area is difficult since operators generally do not disclose roaming revenues in their public financial statements. 

An anecdotal view of the situation comes from Telecom Argentina’s 2024 financial results, which list “roaming, international settlement charges and lease of circuits” among expenses totalling $118.5 billion Argentine pesos, or around $90 million US dollars. That’s roughly 2.8% of the telecom operator’s total consolidated operating costs.

These expenses can be affected by a variety of factors. Variations in exchange rates – such as the appreciation of the Mexican peso and the Brazilian real against the US dollar – can substantially influence the profitability of operators’ roaming agreements. And local regulations can have a major impact as well. For example, the telecom regulator in Mexico, IFT, recently renewed rules governing the rates America Movil can charge other operators for roaming onto its network in Mexico, in a bid to expand telecom competition in the country.

Although roaming revenues might be difficult to assess, operators’ roaming partners are a bit clearer. Here too Ookla data can offer some insights. For example, over the past 12 months it appears that America Movil strongly favored one roaming partner per country. In the US, that was mostly T-Mobile.

America Movil roaming connections to US operators
Past 12 months
This is a chart that show the companies that America Movil roams with in international locations. Primarily it's T-Mobile in the US.

Further, in many markets where the company operates its own network, Ookla data showed that America Movil was reluctant to push its customers onto any other operator’s network except its own. Other big operators, like Telefonica, appeared more open to maintaining multiple roaming relationships.

America Movil & Telefonica's customers' connections when roaming
Past 12 months
This is a chart showing how often customers from America Movil & Telefonica roam onto its own network in countries where it has its own network.

AT&T, meantime, appeared to take an egalitarian approach to roaming in Canada by spreading its mobile customers – those with service from Mexico – evenly across Canada’s top mobile network operators: Telus, Bell, Rogers and Videotron. But, like other operators, AT&T pushed most of its customers in the US and in Mexico onto its own network in those countries.

So, what to make of these approaches to roaming? First, it’s worth noting that Ookla data showed the median mobile download speeds that customers received in the locations where they traveled as well as in the market where they initially purchased their mobile services:

Median mobile download speeds in home countries vs roaming countries
All cellular technologies, past 12 months
This is a chart that shows how speeds between America Movil and Telefonica differ when customers are in their home market vs when they are traveling internationally.

Thus, mobile users who purchased America Movil’s services in Brazil, for example, saw a clear decline in speeds when they were roaming vs. when they were in Brazil. But in other cases the reverse was true. As shown in the above chart, when a customer purchased their service in Mexico and then traveled abroad, they tended to find faster speeds at their destination if they were a Telefonica customer.

To be clear, network quality can vary by destination. Latin American customers who travel to the US, for example, will probably receive higher overall speeds than if they travel to Paraguay. That’s because US operators are roughly five years into their 5G buildouts whereas operators in Paraguay are just getting started.

Nonetheless, this data can help operators understand their customers’ roaming experiences, and then adjust as necessary.

Conclusions and recommendations

The roaming market globally, as well as in Latin America, is undergoing significant change. Some of that change is obvious – for example, Telefonica is offloading its mobile businesses in Argentina (to Telecom Argentina), Colombia (to Millicom), Peru (to Integra Tec), Uruguay (to Millicom) and Ecuador (again to Millicom). AT&T too is reportedly considering a sale of its business in Mexico. All these ownership changes could affect the region’s roaming agreements.

Other changes may be less clear, given the opaque nature of roaming revenues in general and the quiet rise of independent eSIM providers like Airalo and Holafly.

But there are a few things that operators in Latin America and elsewhere can focus on amid these changes:

  • Network performance. As 5G expands throughout Latin America, mobile customers in the region will likely begin to focus more closely on the quality and coverage of their 5G connections while they’re traveling. Similarly, big mobile network operators outside the region will be watching the construction of 5G networks in Latin America carefully as they decide how to keep their own roaming customers connected. Latin American operators that can offer a reliable, high-speed 5G experience may have a better chance at winning these roaming deals.
  • Digital experience. Operators that make international travel easy and seamless may be a step ahead of startup eSIM operators or Wi-Fi providers. For example, they may want to consider no-extra-charge roaming plans if such services can profitably attract high-value customers. Alternatively, operators could consider simplified purchasing and management systems for roaming, to prevent their customers from seeking eSIM alternatives.
  • Efficiency. Roaming-focused infrastructure may improve operators’ traffic management. For example, local breakouts can route mobile customers’ Internet traffic directly into the nearest local Internet exchange in the country they’re visiting, rather than all the way back to their home country’s network. This reduces customers’ overall latency and improves their experience (this too is recorded in Ookla data). Operators may also consider using blockchain technology, such as the GSMA’s eBusiness Network, to speed up roaming settlements.

We will continue to track roaming services and user experiences across major markets like Latin America for the foreseeable future. For more insights into Ookla’s network intelligence and experience benchmarking solutions, please contact us.

Ookla Senior Network Data Scientist Cristhian Castro contributed to this report.


Here is this same article translated into Spanish:

Convertir la pasión por viajar en ingresos por roaming

Herramientas para evaluar el roaming en Latinoamérica y en otros lugares

Como en muchas otras zonas del mundo, los viajes post-pandémicos hacia, desde y por América Latina van en aumento. Y no es de extrañar. Tanto si el destino es Río de Janeiro, Cancún, las cataratas del Iguazú o el interior de la oficina de un cliente importante, muchos de los 20 países que componen América Latina están registrando importantes aumentos en el turismo y los viajes.

Y, como en muchas otras zonas del mundo, esto es vital para los operadores de redes móviles que dan servicio en América Latina. Porque más viajes significan más posibles ingresos por roaming. No en vano, la conectividad inalámbrica está rápidamente pasando de ser una comodidad a convertirse en una necesidad durante el viaje.

En este análisis repasamos cómo los datos de Ookla pueden ayudar a los operadores a adaptar sus negocios de roaming a estos cambios.

Puntos clave:

  • Se prevé que muchas de las nuevas tendencias reduzcan los ingresos de los operadores por roaming, como las opciones Wi-Fi cada vez más capaces y disponibles. Además, los operadores de eSIM amenazan con alterar la dinámica competitiva tradicional. Algunos reguladores presionan para que los acuerdos de roaming sean más baratos y sencillos. Y algunos operadores más grandes están utilizando su peso competitivo para impulsar opciones ilimitadas de roaming internacional.
  • Frente a estas amenazas, los datos de Speedtest® de Ookla pueden ayudar a los operadores a identificar los principales destinos de viaje de sus clientes. Saber que Canadá es una de las principales paradas para los viajeros de México, por ejemplo, puede ayudar a guiar a los operadores en su búsqueda de acuerdos de roaming internacional.
  • Los datos de Ookla también pueden ayudar a esclarecer las estrategias de roaming de algunos operadores. Por ejemplo, parece que algunos proveedores, como América Móvil, han mantenido las conexiones de sus clientes dentro de sus propias redes o de las de socios. Mientras tanto, otros operadores han permitido que sus clientes utilicen el roaming en diversas redes de la competencia cuando están en itinerancia.
  • Por último, está claro que los viajeros de Latinoamérica pueden tener una amplia variedad de experiencias de roaming. En algunos casos, las conexiones de los clientes que viajan son más rápidas que las velocidades que reciben en su país de origen. Por ejemplo, los usuarios con servicio de Telefónica desde México registraron una velocidad mediana de descarga de 34,4 Mbps en México, mientras que su velocidad mediana de descarga cuando viajaron internacionalmente fue de 55,8 Mbps.

Destinos de viaje 

México tiene 131 millones de habitantes, el segundo país más grande de la región, después de Brasil, con 212 millones. Pero México es el líder indiscutible del turismo en América Latina. El país atrajo a 45 millones de visitantes internacionales en 2024, un 7,4% más que el año anterior. Brasil, por su parte, recibió 6,8 millones de turistas internacionales en 2024, un 14,6% más que el año anterior.

Estas cifras son, sin duda, una bendición para los operadores de telefonía móvil de ambos países, que pueden beneficiarse de la comercialización de conexiones en itinerancia a todos estos viajeros.

Sin embargo, esos mismos operadores también deben hacer frente a las tarifas de roaming saliente si quieren mantener a sus clientes conectados cuando viajan al extranjero. Aquí es donde los datos de Ookla resultan útiles.

En los últimos 12 meses, los clientes con servicio de un operador de red móvil mexicano viajaron con frecuencia a EE.UU. o Canadá, según los datos de Speedtest de Ookla. Otros destinos importantes para los viajeros de México fueron Colombia, España y Guatemala.

Del mismo modo, EE.UU. fue uno de los principales destinos para los clientes que contrataron sus servicios móviles a un operador brasileño. Otros destinos importantes para estos clientes fueron Argentina, Portugal, Paraguay e Italia.

Los principales destinos de roaming para los viajeros latinoamericanos
Últimos 12 meses
Este gráfico muestra los tipos de conexiones que usan los clientes de telefonía móvil cuando viajan de Brasil a Estados Unidos, divididas por Wi-Fi, 4G y 5G. Principalmente usan Wi-Fi.

EE.UU. también fue un destino popular para los viajeros de otros países latinoamericanos, como Argentina y Chile, aunque no en la misma medida que para los viajeros de México.

En cualquier caso, este tipo de información puede servir de guía a los operadores latinoamericanos a la hora de firmar acuerdos de roaming con sus homólogos internacionales, que repercutirán en última instancia en la experiencia de sus clientes en itinerancia. No en vano, los clientes que utilizan la aplicación Speedtest para comprobar sus conexiones probablemente se preocupan por la calidad de las mismas.

Analizando estos datos, también vale la pena señalar que casi todos estos países están disfrutando de un aumento general de sus velocidades globales de Internet móvil. Esto es importante dado el aumento simultáneo del número de personas que viajan a través de las fronteras de América Latina.

Velocidad mediana de descarga móvil en los principales destinos para viajeros latinoamericanos.
De Ookla Speedtest Intelligence, para todas las tecnologías celulares.
Este gráfico muestra las velocidades medianas de descarga móvil en varios países de 2020 a 2024, con Estados Unidos mostrando el mayor crecimiento.

Este aumento de las velocidades se extiende por toda la región, excepto en lugares periféricos como Paraguay, donde el 5G aún está en fase inicial.

Este tipo de información sobre el rendimiento de la red también puede ayudar a dar tranquilidad a aquellos viajeros que dependen cada vez más de sus teléfonos para consultas de mapas, aplicaciones de traducción y, por supuesto, publicaciones en Instagram bañadas por el sol, siempre y cuando sus planes de roaming proporcionen acceso a estas redes rápidas.

Elegir la conexión adecuada

Como todos los viajeros modernos, los trotamundos latinoamericanos deben decidir: ¿Celular o Wi-Fi? ¿Es posible utilizar conexiones Wi-Fi locales para evitar las tarifas de roaming internacional de un operador móvil?

Según los datos de Speedtest, durante los últimos doce meses, parece que los viajeros procedentes de México fueron partidarios de emplear la opción Wi-Fi. Por ejemplo, más de la mitad de los viajeros de México a Estados Unidos confiaron en las conexiones Wi-Fi en lugar de 4G LTE o 5G cuando llegaron a Estados Unidos. Por el contrario, los viajeros que contrataron el servicio de un operador en Brasil y luego viajaron a EE.UU. no mostraron tanto interés en el Wi-Fi como sus homólogos mexicanos.

Viajeros de Brasil & México a EEUU, por tipo de conexión
Clientes que adquirieron servicio en México & Brasil y se conectaron a una red de EEUU
Este gráfico muestra los tipos de conexiones (Wi-Fi, 5G, 4G) que las personas usan cuando viajan de Brasil y México a Estados Unidos.

Asimismo, los viajeros procedentes de Argentina, Colombia y Chile fueron igualmente propensos al uso del Wi-Fi. De hecho, aproximadamente el 80% de los clientes de telefonía móvil que en los últimos 12 meses contrataron el servicio en Argentina y luego viajaron a Brasil (el principal destino de este tipo de viajeros argentinos) se conectaron a redes Wi-Fi cuando llegaron a Brasil.

Sin embargo, esto podría deberse a diversos factores más allá del precio de los datos celulares internacionales. Por ejemplo, la iniciativa ‘Internet para todos’ de Ciudad de México, cuyo objetivo es reducir la brecha digital, cuenta ya con decenas de miles de puntos de acceso Wi-Fi gratuitos, lo que le valió el reconocimiento del Guinness World Records en 2021. Dado que el 17% de la población total de México vive en la gran área metropolitana de Ciudad de México, los viajeros de este país pueden tener una mayor afinidad por las conexiones Wi-Fi públicas.

Pero el Wi-Fi no es la única tecnología que afecta a la ecuación del roaming para los clientes de telefonía móvil y los operadores de redes en América Latina y otros lugares. Por ejemplo, la tecnología eSIM permite a los viajeros eludir los paquetes de roaming de su operador de origen en favor de planes de datos locales o regionales que pueden ser menos costosos. Esta tendencia podría contribuir a erosionar los ingresos por roaming de los operadores: la GSMA prevé que un 75% de las conexiones de smartphones en América Latina utilizarán eSIM en 2030.

Un último factor crítico que puede afectar al mercado latinoamericano se deriva de las ofertas de roaming ilimitado. Por ejemplo, T-Mobile y AT&T venden planes premium en EE.UU. que incluyen roaming en toda América Latina sin coste adicional. Esto replantea la conectividad internacional como una característica incluida en vez de como un costoso complemento, otra palanca competitiva contra el modelo de negocio tradicional del roaming.

Costes y partners de roaming 

Una cuestión central en cualquier análisis del mercado del roaming latinoamericano es el impacto financiero de estos servicios en los operadores, ya sea teniendo en cuenta las tarifas pagadas a sus socios de roaming internacional o los ingresos obtenidos de las conexiones entrantes. Sin embargo, es difícil obtener cifras precisas en este ámbito, ya que los operadores no suelen revelar los ingresos por roaming en sus informes financieros públicos. 

Una visión anecdótica de la situación se desprende de los resultados financieros de Telecom Argentina para 2024, que incluyen “roaming, cargos por liquidación internacional y alquiler de circuitos” entre los gastos, por un total de 118.500 millones de pesos argentinos (unos 90 millones de dólares estadounidenses). Esto supone aproximadamente el 2,8% de los costes operativos consolidados totales del operador.

Estos gastos pueden verse afectados por diversos factores. Las variaciones de los tipos de cambio (como la apreciación del peso mexicano y el real brasileño frente al dólar estadounidense) pueden influir sustancialmente en la rentabilidad de los acuerdos de roaming de los operadores. Y la normativa local también puede tener un impacto importante. Por ejemplo, el regulador de las telecomunicaciones en México, el IFT, renovó recientemente las normas que rigen las tarifas que América Móvil puede cobrar a otros operadores por el roaming en su red en México, en un intento de incrementar la competencia de las telecomunicaciones en el país.

Aunque los ingresos por roaming pueden ser difíciles de evaluar, los partner de roaming de los operadores son un poco más claros. También en este caso los datos de Ookla pueden ofrecer algunas pistas. Por ejemplo, durante los últimos doce meses, parece que América Móvil prefirió un partner de roaming por país. En EE.UU., fue sobre todo T-Mobile.

Conexiones en roaming de América Móvil a operadores de USA
Últimos 12 meses
Este gráfico muestra las empresas con las que América Móvil tiene acuerdos de roaming en ubicaciones internacionales. Principalmente, es T-Mobile en Estados Unidos.

Además, en muchos mercados en los que la empresa opera su propia red, los datos de Ookla mostraron que América Móvil fue muy reacia a empujar a sus clientes a la red de cualquier otro operador que no sea el suyo. Otros grandes operadores, como Telefónica, parecieron algo más abiertos a mantener múltiples relaciones de roaming.

Conexiones de clientes de América Móvil & Telefónica cuando están en roaming
Últimos 12 meses
Este gráfico muestra con qué frecuencia los clientes de América Móvil y Telefónica hacen roaming en su propia red en los países donde la tienen.

AT&T, por su parte, pareció adoptar un enfoque igualitario de la roaming en Canadá al distribuir sus clientes de telefonía móvil (los que tienen servicio desde México) de forma uniforme entre los principales operadores de redes móviles de Canadá: Telus, Bell, Rogers y Videotron. Pero, igual que otros operadores, AT&T empuja a la mayoría de sus clientes de EE.UU. y México a su propia red en esos países.

¿Qué pensar de estos enfoques del roaming? En primer lugar, cabe señalar que los datos de Ookla mostraron la velocidad mediana de descarga móvil que recibieron los clientes en los lugares a los que viajaron, así como en el mercado en el que contrataron inicialmente sus servicios móviles:

Velocidades medianas de descarga móvil en países de origen vs. países de roaming.
Todas las tecnologías celulares, últimos 12 meses.
Este es un gráfico que muestra cómo difieren las velocidades entre América Móvil y Telefónica cuando los clientes están en su mercado local frente a cuando viajan internacionalmente.

Así, los usuarios de móvil que contrataron los servicios de América Móvil en Brasil, por ejemplo, vieron un claro descenso en las velocidades cuando estaban en itinerancia frente a cuando estaban en Brasil. Pero en otros casos puede ocurrir lo contrario. Como se muestra en el gráfico anterior, cuando un cliente adquirió su servicio en México y luego viajó al extranjero, tendió a experimentar velocidades más rápidas en su destino si era cliente de Telefónica.

Para ser claros, la calidad de la red puede variar según el destino. Los clientes latinoamericanos que viajan a EE.UU., por ejemplo, probablemente recibirán velocidades globales más altas que si viajan a Paraguay. Esto se debe a que los operadores estadounidenses llevan aproximadamente cinco años desplegando redes 5G, mientras que los operadores paraguayos acaban de empezar.

No obstante, estos datos pueden ayudar a los operadores a comprender las experiencias de itinerancia de sus clientes y a realizar los ajustes necesarios.

Conclusiones y recomendaciones

El mercado del roaming a nivel mundial, así como en América Latina, está experimentando cambios significativos. Algunos de esos cambios son obvios: por ejemplo, Telefónica está vendiendo sus negocios de telefonía móvil en Argentina (a Telecom Argentina), Colombia (a Millicom), Perú (a Integra Tec), Uruguay (a Millicom) y Ecuador (también a Millicom). Asimismo, AT&T estaría considerando la venta de su negocio en México. Todos estos cambios de propiedad podrían afectar a los acuerdos de roaming de la región.

Otros cambios pueden ser menos claros, dada la opacidad de los ingresos por roaming en general y el discreto auge de proveedores independientes de eSIM como Airalo y Holafly.

Pero hay algunas cosas en las que los operadores de América Latina y de otros lugares pueden centrarse en medio de estos cambios:

  • Rendimiento de la red. A medida que el 5G se extienda por América Latina, los clientes de telefonía móvil de la región probablemente empezarán a centrarse más en la calidad y la cobertura de sus conexiones 5G mientras viajan. Del mismo modo, los grandes operadores de redes móviles de fuera de la región observarán atentamente el despliegue de redes 5G en América Latina mientras deciden cómo mantener conectados a sus propios clientes de roaming. Los operadores latinoamericanos que puedan ofrecer una experiencia 5G confiable y de alta velocidad pueden tener una mejor oportunidad de ganar estos acuerdos de roaming.
  • Experiencia digital. Los operadores que hacen que los viajes internacionales sean fáciles y fluidos pueden estar un paso por delante de los nuevos operadores de eSIM o proveedores de Wi-Fi. Por ejemplo, podrían considerar planes de roaming sin costes adicionales si tales servicios pueden atraer de forma rentable a clientes de alto valor. Alternativamente, los operadores podrían plantearse sistemas simplificados de compra y gestión del roaming, para evitar que sus clientes busquen alternativas de eSIM.
  • Eficiencia. La infraestructura centrada en el roaming puede mejorar la gestión del tráfico de los operadores. Por ejemplo, las conexiones locales pueden dirigir el tráfico de Internet de los clientes móviles directamente a la central de Internet local más cercana del país que visitan, en lugar de volver a la red de su país de origen. Esto reduce la latencia general de los clientes y mejora su experiencia (esto también lo recoge Ookla en sus datos). Los operadores también pueden considerar el uso de la tecnología blockchain para el roaming, como la eBusiness Network de la GSMA, para acelerar los acuerdos de facturación de roaming.

Seguiremos analizando los servicios de roaming y las experiencias de los usuarios en nuestros principales mercados, como América Latina, en un futuro próximo. Para más información sobre las soluciones de inteligencia de red y evaluación comparativa de experiencias de Ookla, contacta con nosotros.

Cristhian Castro, Científico Senior de Datos de Red de Ookla, contribuyó a este informe.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

| August 12, 2025

Indonesia's digital divide narrows with mobile network performance gains

Indonesia’s mobile network performance is undergoing significant improvement, a crucial development for a country with 280 million people. Its vast geography, an archipelago of roughly 19,000 islands, makes mobile connectivity the primary way for people to access the internet. Mobile carriers are thus at the forefront of efforts to bridge the digital divide. This article examines the efforts of KOMINFO and mobile operators to address this connectivity gap.

Key Takeaways

  • Nationwide performance is improving equitably, especially for rural and remote communities. Speedtest Intelligence® data shows nationwide median download speeds increased from 17.54 Mbps to 30.5 Mbps from Q2 2022 to Q2 2025. Critically, this progress is also reflected in the lower 10th percentile, where download speeds more than doubled from 2.66 Mbps to 5.69 Mbps.
  • Overall regional performance gains show nationwide progress beyond major urban regions. Data from 1H 2022 to 1H 2025 shows a rise in median speeds across all regions of Indonesia. This progress is not limited to top performers like Jakarta and Bali. North Maluku, the lowest-performing region, saw speeds increase substantially from 13.39 Mbps to 20.49 Mbps. This broad-based improvement underscores a concerted effort to enhance network performance across the entire archipelago 
  • The 5G rollout is strategic and targeted, contrasting with widespread 4G Availability. While 4G availability now exceeds 90% across all islands , the deployment of 5G is progressing at a more gradual and fragmented pace. 5G availability remains low, with Bali & Nusa Tenggara as a notable outlier at 17%. This strategic, urban-focused approach is a direct result of key challenges such as limited mid-band spectrum and the high cost of infrastructure.

Regulatory action and partnerships drive Indonesia’s mobile network expansion

The projected growth of Indonesia’s digital economy, with estimates reaching  USD 2.8 trillion by 2040, underscores the importance of the telecommunications sector. The sector is recognized as a key enabler of national economic transformation, moving beyond its traditional role as a utility provider. The regulatory body Kementerian Komunikasi dan Digital (KOMDIGI) is spearheading Indonesia’s efforts to bridge the digital divide through a comprehensive strategy outlined in the Digital Indonesia Roadmap 2021-2024. This plan prioritizes infrastructure development and collaborations with mobile operators to extend internet access across the entire archipelago, including remote regions.

A central element of KOMDIGI’s approach is the Universal Service Obligation (USO) fund, managed by the Telecommunications and Information Accessibility Agency (BAKTI). This fund, financed by operator contributions, facilitates infrastructure projects in underserved areas. BAKTI has overseen significant initiatives like the Palapa Ring national fiber optic network and the SATRIA-1 satellite, which delivers internet to public facilities. Recently, the ministry announced the completion of 6,672 Base Transceiver Stations (BTS), further expanding 4G connectivity in remote locations.

Network performance gains in Indonesia confirm progress is reaching rural communities

Speedtest Intelligence® data from Q2 2022 to Q2 2025, show nationwide median download speed increased from 17.54 Mbps to 30.5 Mbps. During the same period, the median upload speed also improved from 10.32 Mbps to 13.93 Mbps. These gains demonstrate a sustained commitment to upgrading networks nationwide.

Indonesia's Mobile Network Performance (All Technologies Combined) See Steady Improvement
Speedtest Intelligence® | Q2 2022 – Q2 2025

While median speeds offer a glimpse into a network’s overall capability, examining the performance of the lower 10th percentile – those experiencing the worst 10% of performance samples – provides critical insights into minimum user speeds, representing performance for users with the worst connections, often in less-developed areas. Download speeds for this group increased from 2.66 Mbps to 5.69 Mbps, while upload speeds rose from 1.41 Mbps to 2.0 Mbps. This improvement is particularly significant given Indonesia’s demographics, as 41% of the population resided in rural areas in 2024, according to World Bank data. The consistent gains in the bottom percentile indicate that network enhancements are reaching these rural communities, thereby reducing the connectivity disparity.

Mobile network gains span all regions, bridging geographic divides

A detailed look at Speedtest Intelligence data from 1H 2022 to 1H 2025 confirms a nationwide increase in mobile speeds, with every single region of Indonesia experiencing a rise in median download speeds. While major regions such as Jakarta and Bali recorded the highest speeds, the progress was not limited to top performers. Jakarta reached a median download speed of 41.42 Mbps, an increase of 21.69 Mbps from its 1H 2022 speed of 19.79 Mbps. Bali’s median speed reached 41.31 Mbps, marking a gain of 16.80 Mbps during the same period. For instance, North Maluku, which recorded the lowest median speed in 1H 2022, still saw its median download speed rise substantially from 13.39 Mbps to 20.49 Mbps. This broad-based improvement underscores a concerted effort to enhance network performance across the entire archipelago.

All Regions in Indonesia Experience Faster Mobile Speeds (All Technologies Combined)
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2022 and 1H 2025

Crucially, this progress is also reflected in the performance of the lowest-performing connections. The data for the lower 10th percentile download speed reveals significant gains, particularly in regions with lower overall speeds. For example, Gorontalo’s lower 10th percentile speed more than tripled, rising from 3.18 Mbps to 9.31 Mbps. The Bangka Belitung Islands also saw a significant jump, with speeds rising from 3.18 Mbps to 7.91 Mbps. These gains are particularly significant as both provinces, along with other improving regions like Papua and North Maluku, are more remote and geographically challenging than major metropolitan regions. The strong improvements in these areas are an indicator that network expansion is effectively targeting and narrowing the digital divide, ensuring that even the most difficult-to-reach communities benefit from Indonesia’s digital evolution.

Regional Lower 10th Percentile Download Speeds (Mbps) Shows Overall Improvement
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2022 and 1H 2025

4G Availability in Indonesia exceeds 90% across all islands

The expansion of mobile speeds is underpinned by a significant increase in 4G Availability across Indonesia’s major islands and island groups. Speedtest Intelligence data from 1H 2023 to 1H 2025 reveals that 4G Availability has improved in every single region. This indicates a concerted effort to ensure that a greater proportion of users can access 4G technology, which is a critical prerequisite for achieving the higher mobile speeds observed across the country and a key enabler for nationwide internet access, particularly since 98.7% of Indonesia’s internet users rely on a mobile devices to get online.

4G Availability (%) Trend Across Indonesia's Major Islands
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2023 and 1H 2025

Java island reported the highest availability at 96.4% in 1H 2025, closely followed by Bali & Nusa Tenggara with 95.2%. What is particularly significant is that even regions with historically lower availability, such as Sulawesi, Sumatra, and Kalimantan, have all surpassed the 90% threshold. For example, Sulawesi’s 4G availability rose from 85.8% to 92.1% during this period, while Maluku & North Maluku reached 90.1% by 1H 2025. This broad-based improvement is critical for ensuring equitable access to digital services.

The escalation in 4G availability is a direct result of strategic government initiatives and robust public-private partnerships. KOMDIGI has focused on expanding network infrastructure in remote and underserved areas, often referred to as 3T regions. This includes projects to build Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) in locations where commercial operators might not find it economically viable. Simultaneously, major carriers like Telkomsel have made significant investments in their own network expansion programs, strategically targeting these same remote areas to align with and build upon the government’s efforts. This collaborative approach has been a key factor in bridging the digital gap and ensuring that the gains in mobile speed are accessible to a wider population.

Gradual 5G progress reflects a strategic, urban-focused rollout

While Indonesia’s mobile networks have made substantial progress in 4G performance and availability, the development of 5G technology has been more gradual and strategic. Data from 1H 2023 to 1H 2025 illustrates this trend, showing a significant disparity in 5G Availability across the archipelago. The overall availability remains low in all regions, reflecting a highly targeted approach to deployment.

5G Availability (%) Trend Across Indonesia's Major Islands
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2023 and 1H 2025

The data shows Bali & Nusa Tenggara as a clear outlier, with 5G Availability surging from 4.4% in 1H 2024 to 17% in 1H 2025. This rapid increase reflects a concentrated rollout in key tourism and business areas. In contrast, major islands like Java and Sumatra show more modest growth, with Java reaching 6.5% and Sumatra at 4.8%. Meanwhile, availability in regions such as Kalimantan, Maluku & North Maluku, and Papua & Western New Guinea remains in the low single digits, confirming that deployment has yet to extend to many parts of the country.

A key challenge to widespread 5G has been the limited mid-band spectrum, which is essential for strong 5G performance. Current 5G spectrum utilization is limited to the 1.8 GHz, 2.1 GHz, and 2.3 GHz bands. This challenge is compounded by the high cost of new 5G infrastructure and the continued strength of existing 4G networks. As a result, operators have adopted a strategic, phased deployment that focuses on urban areas with high populations and proven demand.

Indonesia’s major operators have each taken a targeted approach to 5G. Telkomsel, for instance, has established a leading presence by deploying over 2,100 5G sites across 56 cities, with a focus on key urban and industrial centers. Similarly, Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison has expanded its 5G services to more cities, leveraging network sharing to accelerate deployment. This collective, urban-focused strategy is positioning the technology for future growth as more spectrum becomes available and consumer demand increases

Indonesia’s telecommunications sector is on a trajectory of significant transformation. The ongoing market consolidation, coupled with strategic government interventions and a pragmatic approach to infrastructure deployment, is setting the stage for a more robust and inclusive digital future. We will continue to monitor the expansion of mobile networks in Indonesia  and its regional neighbours. If you are interested in Ookla’s solutions and services for network intelligence and management, get in touch.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

| August 7, 2025

Hong Kong gets game-ready as 5G performance evolves across major stadiums

Hong Kong is gearing up to play a role in the upcoming  2025 National Games of the People’s Republic of China. The event which occurs every four years is expected to attract tens of thousands of attendees, rigorously testing mobile infrastructure and offering ideal real-world environments for evaluating 5G network performance.

This report examines the 5G network performance and user experience across four key venues: Kai Tak Stadium, Hung Hom Stadium, Victoria Park, and Victoria Harbour with the Central Waterfront. These venues are not merely backdrops; they are dynamic arenas where seamless connectivity will be paramount for athletes, officials, media, and spectators alike. Fanling Golf Course and Tseung Kwan O Cycling Stadium, while host venues, were not included in this analysis.

Key Takeaways

  • Kai Tak Stadium boasts superior 5G coverage, averaging better than -75 dBm RSRP. This establishes it as Hong Kong’s leading venue for high-density mobile usage, with csl and Hutchison HK reporting particularly strong 5G signal strength of -71.27 dBm and -72.3 dBm, respectively. Kai Tak also reported good user experiences; for instance, web page loads consistently occur under one second, with SmarTone achieving 0.85 seconds, and low instant messaging response times are common, with csl reporting 12.10 milliseconds.
  • While Hong Kong’s 5G networks at these venues delivered remarkable peak download speeds—China Mobile at Hung Hom Stadium reached up to 884.61 Mbps—a substantial performance gap persists, with some users experiencing speeds as low as 2 Mbps. This wide disparity highlights a critical challenge for operators: ensuring consistent and reliable network quality for all users, particularly as attendance swells for the 2025 National Games.
  • Hong Kong’s key stadiums reported good mobile quality of experience for visitors, with many exceeding national benchmarks from the first half of 2025. Kai Tak Stadium stands out with strong performance that surpasses Hong Kong’s national medians of 1.21 seconds for web page load and 23.44 milliseconds for IM latency. For example, SmarTone delivered a 0.85-second web page load time and csl reported a 12.10-millisecond instant messaging latency.

The new Kai Tak Stadium stands out with the strongest 5G coverage among all major venues

Using data from Speedtest Insights™, collected in the first half (1H) of 2025, we evaluated 5G experience at each venue by measuring the average Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ). RSRP represents the network signal strength received by a mobile phone. An RSRP value stronger than -80 dBm indicates superior coverage. Measurements between -80 dBm and -90 dBm represent good coverage, while those from -90 dBm to -100 dBm are considered fair coverage. Below this range, expect slower download speeds and potential network disconnections. RSRQ is a metric used to evaluate the quality of the reference signal received by a device. A value of -10 dB or higher indicates excellent network quality while a value between -10 dB and -15 dB is considered good. An RSRQ value lower than -15 dB is poor or indicates no signal at all.

Mobile Operators Average 5G Signal Strength At Selected Stadiums
Speedtest Insights™ | 1H 2025

Kai Tak Stadium stands out with the strongest and most consistent 5G signal strength across all major operators. Opened on March 1, 2025, Kai Tak Stadium is Hong Kong’s largest sports infrastructure project and has already hosted numerous local and international events and concerts, drawing over 50,000 attendees. Signal strength (RSRP) at the stadium averages better than -75 dBm, with operators like csl and Hutchison HK reporting particularly strong values of -71.27 dBm and -72.3 dBm respectively. This clearly shows their significant investment in this new flagship venue, likely tied to Kai Tak’s role as a centerpiece of the Games.

While Kai Tak Stadium reported good RSRP values, its RSRQ values are comparatively lower than other venues, with all operators reporting values below -12 dB. This suggests increased network interference or load during peak usage. Although excellent coverage is established, network quality may degrade under peak crowd pressure, indicating that further optimization is needed to ensure a consistently high-quality user experience. Among the operators, csl and China Mobile Hong Kong reported the best RSRQ values at -12.37 dB and -12.4 dB, respectively.

Mobile Operators Average 5G Signal Quality At Selected Stadiums
Speedtest Insights™ | 1H 2025

In contrast, Hung Hom Stadium, one of the older venues analyzed, recorded the weakest 5G signal strength overall, with average RSRP values ranging from -81 dBm to -85 dBm. However, it delivered relatively good signal quality. Specifically, Hutchison HK and China Mobile Hong Kong reported strong RSRQ values of -11.06 dB and -11.35 dB, respectively. This indicates that while the radio signal is weaker, the level of interference and network contention is lower. This may be due to reduced user density or lower active usage compared to newer, high-profile venues like Kai Tak.

Other key venues, including Victoria Harbour and Central Waterfront and Victoria Park, show mixed results. These areas have long hosted major festivals and public events, and operators have previously deployed mobile cells to handle surges. Similar moves are expected for the Games.

Top-end 5G download speeds exceed 800 Mbps while lower-end results drop below 10 Mbps

Analysis of  Speedtest Intelligence® data across the four venues reveals strong overall performance with clear differences between operators and locations. While all venues demonstrated usable 5G speeds, users at the lower end of the measured speeds (the lower 10th percentile) experienced significantly slower performance, which varied heavily depending on the operator.

Chart of Operator 5G Performance - Upper 10% Download Speed Across Selected Venues in Hong Kong | Speedtest Intelligence | 1H 2025

At the top end, users experienced excellent performance. China Mobile Hong Kong stood out with speeds exceeding 880 Mbps at Hung Hom and 777 Mbps at Kai Tak. csl and SmarTone followed with top-tier speeds ranging from 326 Mbps to over 680 Mbps. The wide gap between the top and bottom users underlines a key challenge: ensuring consistent quality across the full range of network conditions. 

While peak and median speeds offer a glimpse into a network’s overall capability, examining the lower 10th percentile of download performance provides critical insights into minimum user speeds, especially under less optimal conditions like cell edge or moderate congestion. Across the four key venues, the lower 10th percentile download speeds ranged significantly, from 2.00 Mbps to 140.32 Mbps. This wide variance indicates that while networks are robust on average, pockets of weaker performance can still impact user experience, especially for data-intensive applications like HD streaming or video calls. While this baseline generally supports basic activities like web Browse, messaging, and standard-definition video for most operators, the stark differences across operators and locations underscore the importance of understanding these minimum guarantees.

Chart of Operator 5G Performance - Lower 10% Download Speed Across Selected Venues in Hong Kong | Speedtest Intelligence | 1H 2025

SmarTone demonstrated strong low-percentile performance, leading at Hung Hom Stadium with 94.49 Mbps, Kai Tak Stadium with 97.57 Mbps, and Victoria Harbour and the Central Waterfront with 54.41 Mbps. China Mobile Hong Kong exhibited good low-percentile performance at Victoria Park, recording a speed of 140.32 Mbps. Conversely, csl’s 2.00 Mbps at Hung Hom Stadium indicates an area for significant improvement in minimum speed delivery.

Overall, the data shows that while Hong Kong’s 5G infrastructure can deliver excellent speeds, the range between the slowest and fastest measurements remains wide. This suggests that improving performance consistency is key to ensuring a better experience for all users, especially as networks prepare to support dense crowds and high traffic during the 2025 National Games.

Kai Tak Stadium leads the way in 5G web load time and low-latency messaging

Consumer QoE™ data from the first half of 2025 was analyzed to examine web page load times and instant messaging latency across the four venues. These measurements represent consumers’ actual experiences using the internet and sharing messages and media. They also indicate how effectively operators support everyday applications in high-traffic environments. The data shows that mobile web page load time and instant messaging at Hong Kong’s selected major event venues presents a varied performance landscape when compared against the national median data from the first half of 2025. The national median web page load time for 1H 2025 is 1.21 seconds, and instant messaging latency is 23.44 ms.

Median Web Page Load Time Over 5G (seconds) Across Selected Venues
Consumer QoE™ | 1H 2025

Web browsing performance varied across venues, with Kai Tak Stadium again ranking best, as all operators delivered web page load times below one second. SmarTone’s performance of 0.85 seconds and China Mobile Hong Kong’s 0.89 seconds both surpassed the national median of 1.21 seconds. This aligns with observations of Kai Tak’s infrastructure and optimized 5G deployments. At other venues, many web page load times also remained below the national median. For example, China Mobile Hong Kong recorded 1.00 seconds at Victoria Harbour and Central Waterfront, and 0.95 seconds at Victoria Park, all faster than the national median. However, Hutchison HK recorded 1.44 seconds at Victoria Park and 1.43 seconds at Hung Hom Stadium, indicating areas for potential optimization to align with the national median at these specific locations.

Median Instant Messaging (Whatsapp) Latency Over 5G (ms) Across Selected Venues
Consumer QoE™ | 1H 2025

Instant messaging latency across the stadiums generally falls within the national median of 23.44 ms, with some venues demonstrating significantly faster response times. Kai Tak again led the way, with all operators delivering WhatsApp response times below 17 ms. csl reported 12.10 ms at Kai Tak, while SmarTone and Hutchison HK both recorded 13 ms. At other venues, a range of latencies was observed. For example, csl at Hung Hom Stadium recorded 19.40 ms, Hutchison HK at Victoria Harbour/Central Waterfront recorded 18.40 ms, and SmarTone at Hung Hom Stadium recorded 21.60 ms. These results remain within or below the national median. However, some specific instances, such as SmarTone recording 25.40 milliseconds at Victoria Park and China Mobile Hong Kong recording 25.60 milliseconds at Central Waterfront, above the national median.

​​The data reinforces that strong 5G performance requires more than just high speeds. Responsive browsing and low-latency messaging are just as critical, especially in stadiums and public venues where users expect instant access and uninterrupted communication. To meet rising expectations during large-scale events like the 2025 National Games, operators will need to maintain focus on end-to-end quality—not just coverage and speed, but also responsiveness and reliability.

We will continue to track 5G performance and user experience across major venues in Hong Kong and upcoming major events. For more insights into Ookla’s network intelligence and experience benchmarking solutions, please contact us.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

| April 23, 2025

U.S. Broadband Speeds Are Improving but the Digital Divide Is Growing

A new report from Ookla found that the digital divide increased for 32 states between 1H 2024 and 2H 2024, indicating that much of the broadband expansion is occurring in urban areas instead of rural areas.

Key Takeaways

  • The number of states with 60% or more of users experiencing the FCC’s minimum standard for fixed broadband speeds of 100 Mbps downstream and 20 Mbps upstream increased from 10 states in the 1H of 2024 to 22 states (and the District of Columbia) in the 2H of 2024. 
  • New Jersey, Connecticut, Delaware, North Dakota, and Maryland are the top five states with the highest percentage of Speedtest users with 100/20 Mbps. 
  • 32 states saw their digital divide increase between the 1H of 2024 and the 2H of 2024 and 17 states saw their digital divide decrease. 

Many U.S. states made sizable gains in their broadband infrastructure during 2024 and much of that growth was fueled by private equity financing, mergers and acquisitions, capex investments, and government funding. 

According to Ookla Speedtest Intelligence® data, the number of states in the U.S. delivering the minimum standard for fixed broadband speeds as designated by the Federal Communications Commissions (FCC) of 100 Mbps downstream and 20 Mbps upstream is growing. In fact, in our latest U.S. State Broadband Report, we found that states with 60% or more of Speedtest users receiving 100/20 Mbps dramatically increased between the first half and the second half of 2024. 

However, that increase didn’t result in sweeping improvements to the digital divide. Instead, 32 states saw their gap between the percentage of urban users and rural users that receive the minimum required broadband speeds grow during this time period. Ookla uses the Census Bureau’s urban-rural classification to determine which users are urban vs. rural. 

New Jersey is No. 1

Seven states now have 65% or more of Speedtest users experiencing the FCC’s minimum standard for broadband of 100/20 Mbps. New Jersey is No. 1 with 68.97% of Speedtest users experiencing the FCC’s minimum requirement followed closely by Connecticut with 68.35%. Delaware moved up from the No. 5 slot in the first half of the year to the No. 3 ranking in the second half of 2024. 

On the opposite end of the spectrum, Montana and Alaska have fewer than 40% of Speedtest users that receive the minimum broadband speeds of 100/20 Mbps so it’s no surprise that Montana and Alaska are also two of the least densely populated states in the country. 

Digital Divide Grows

While the number of states with 60% or more of users experiencing 100/20 Mbps more than doubled from the first half of 2024 to the second half of 2024, it appears that much of that progress occurred in urban areas because the digital divide, which is the gap between urban and rural users in a state, became much more prominent in 32 states during that time period. 

Washington state leads the nation with the biggest digital divide in the second half of 2024 and it was also at the top of the list in the first half of the year. Oregon and Illinois are also top states with the biggest digital divide in the second half of the year. 

The lack of affordable broadband is known to exacerbate the digital divide and some of this increase in the digital divide is likely due to the demise of the Affordable Connectivity Plan (ACP), which provided discounted broadband services to more than 23 million low-income U.S. households. The FCC ended the ACP program on June 1, 2024, because of a lack of Congressional funding. 

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To find your state’s standing and how it compares to the other 49 states in broadband connectivity, download this free report here.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

| September 4, 2025

Starlink Slows Down during Burning Man

SpaceX’s satellite network showed signs of congestion in Nevada’s Pershing County last week.

Starlink today uses around 8,000 low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites to provide Internet connections to roughly 7 million customers around the world. But an event in the desert of Nevada last week collected enough Starlink users in one place to create a measurable effect on the company’s network in the region.

Key Takeaways:

  • A large number of Starlink users gathered in rural Nevada for the annual Burning Man event.
  • Starlink’s daily speeds in the area slowed to a low of 66 Mbps during Burning Man, but rose as the event wrapped up.
  • The annual Burning Man event draws enough Starlink users to affect Nevada’s statewide Starlink speeds.

Starlink satellite Internet connections have become increasingly popular at the Burning Man desert arts festival, a nine-day event that occurs annually. The festival attracted around 70,000 attendees last week. According to Ookla Speedtest Intelligence data, Starlink’s speeds slowed slightly amid Burning Man demand.

Specifically, Starlink download speeds surpassed 200 Mbps in Pershing County, Nevada – where Burning Man takes place every August – in the days leading up to the event. But during the actual Burning Man event itself – which took place from August 24 to September 1 – Starlink speeds dipped well below 100 Mbps. On August 28, Starlink speeds hit a daily low point of 66 Mbps, but then began to rise again as the event drew to a close.

It’s worth noting that, while there was a dip in speeds, Starlink users at Burning Man still received Internet speeds in rural Nevada that were faster than what some 5G networks provide in major US cities.

Starlink daily download speeds during Burning Man
In Pershing County, Nevada, USA. Burning Man was held August 24 – September 1.

Burning Man Goes Online

According to a Wall Street Journal report, Starlink services have become increasingly popular at recent Burning Man gatherings, and were prevalent across this year’s 1,500 Burning Man camps and art installations.

The event is big enough to earn itself a listing on Google Maps, and that location information is reflected in Ookla Speedtest Intelligence data for the month of August:

Moreover, Ookla recorded a major spike in the number of Speedtest users in Nevada’s Pershing County during the week of Burning Man. That’s no surprise considering Pershing County’s annual population sits at around 6,000, but spikes by 11x during the week of Burning Man.

Finally, it’s worth noting that a dip in Starlink speeds in Pershing County – one of more than a dozen counties in Nevada – also occurred last year during Burning Man. Indeed, Nevada’s median statewide Starlink speeds also dipped during the month of August 2024, mainly because of the network demands created by last year’s Burning Man during that month. But Starlink’s speeds across the entire United States were not affected.

Starlink monthly median download speeds
Burning Man is held annually at the end of August.

Network Loading

The dip in Starlink’s speeds last week was likely due to the loading that the company’s network experienced during Burning Man.

After all, a wireless network like Starlink’s satellite network is a shared resource, much like any other telecom network. As more users connect to such a network, they all compete for access to the same limited bandwidth. This competition can lead to a decrease in network performance, as the available bandwidth is divided among an increasing number of devices. Consequently, if too many users are streaming video, downloading large files, or engaging in other high-bandwidth activities at the same time, the network can become congested, resulting in slower speeds for everyone connected.

Some Starlink users are already familiar with this concept. According to PCMag, Starlink last year introduced $100 congestion charges for select areas where its network had become strained from too many users. This year, that fee rose to $250 in some cities. But in other cities where Starlink has excess capacity, the company has been offering potential customers free equipment.

Network congestion is also a well-known issue for cellular operators like Verizon and T-Mobile. That’s why some deploy temporary cell sites during major events like concerts.

This is all particularly relevant as SpaceX – the rocket company building Starlink’s satellite constellation – hopes to win hundreds of millions of dollars in federal funding for rural broadband Internet services through the U.S. government’s Broadband Equity Access and Deployment Program (BEAD) program.

According to the financial analysts at New Street Research, Starlink has so far won $387 million in BEAD grants to provide Internet services across 213,000 rural locations in the U.S.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

| September 30, 2025

Closing The Gap Between 5G Network Reach And User Adoption

臺灣

Market consolidation has reshaped Taiwan’s telecom market and the remaining operators now must prepare for the next phase

Taiwan’s mobile telecommunications market has undergone a major transformation, marked by market consolidation and a rapid, government-backed 5G deployment. This has reshaped the competitive landscape, moving from a five-player market to one dominated by three major operators: Chunghwa Telecom (CHT), Far EasTone (FET), and Taiwan Mobile (TWM). The mergers of Far EasTone with Asia Pacific Telecom and Taiwan Mobile with Taiwan Star have rebalanced market shares and enabled these operators to leverage expanded spectrum assets and achieve greater economies of scale.

Key Takeaways:

  • Between the 1H 2024 and the 1H 2025, Taiwan’s 5G Availability increased from 62.1% to 69.3%. The nation lags behind regional leaders such as Hong Kong (83.9%) and South Korea (77.1%), but it is ahead of countries such as Singapore (67.9%) and India (60.5%). The timing of commercial 5G network launches, along with differences in spectrum access and market dynamics, influence each market’s reported 5G Availability.
  • All three major Taiwanese operators showed improved 5G Availability, with FarEasTone leading at 72.4%, surpassing Chunghwa Telecom’s 69.8% and Taiwan Mobile’s 66.5%. From the 1H 2024 to the 1H 2025, Taiwan Mobile showed the largest gain, with an increase of 8.5 percentage points, followed by FarEasTone with a gain of 6.9 percentage points, and Chunghwa Telecom with 5.9 percentage points. 
  • Despite FarEasTone’s lead in 5G Availability, Chunghwa Telecom holds a significant lead in performance. Chunghwa Telecom’s median download speed of 344.25 Mbps is 31.6% higher than FarEasTone’s and 54.1% higher than Taiwan Mobile’s. Chunghwa also recorded the highest median upload speed at 34.52 Mbps and the lowest multi-server latency at 23 ms.
  • A significant portion of 5G-capable devices are not using the 5G network, with 40.1% of users having a 5G-capable device but not connecting to 5G. Even for those who are connected, users spend more than double the time on 4G than on 5G. This presents an opportunity for operators to increase 5G connection time through network modernization.

Taiwan’s 5G Availability nears 70%, behind Thailand and other regional leaders

Speedtest Intelligence® data from the first half of 2025 shows Taiwan’s 5G Availability (the percentage of users on 5G-capable devices that spend most of the time with access to 5G networks)  stands at 69.3%, placing it somewhere in the middle tier when compared to some of its selected neighboring countries. Taiwan’s 5G Availability is significantly behind regional leaders, such as Hong Kong at 83.9% and South Korea at 77.1%, but ahead of countries like Singapore at 67.9% and India at 60.5%. Factors such as the timing of commercial launches, spectrum access, and market dynamics, which include affordability and availability of 5G devices, influence each market’s reported 5G Availability.

Taiwan's 5G Availability (%) Compared to Neighboring Countries
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

South Korea and Hong Kong benefited from their early commercialization of 5G, which gave them a significant head start. South Korea, for instance, was the first country globally to launch commercial 5G services in April 2019, and has maintained its high availability through aggressive nationwide deployment strategies. Similarly, Hong Kong’s operators moved quickly after the initial spectrum release, leveraging the city’s compact urban geography and the use of low-band spectrum to deliver near-universal coverage efficiently. 

Strategic deployment and market consolidation drive Taiwan’s 5G Availability

Chunghwa Telecom, Taiwan Mobile, and FarEasTone secured significant holdings in the highly sought-after 3.5 GHz C-band during 2020 5G spectrum auction, with Chunghwa acquiring 90 MHz, FarEasTone 80 MHz, and Taiwan Mobile 60 MHz. While all three also won mmWave spectrum in the 28 GHz band, the C-band has emerged as the primary driver of both network performance and availability.

Since the auction, the market has been reshaped by two major mergers: Taiwan Mobile’s acquisition of Taiwan Star and FarEasTone’s acquisition of Asia Pacific Telecom (APT). These mergers have not only reduced the number of main operators from five to three but, more importantly, have led to the aggregation of spectrum, allowing the merged entities to create larger, more efficient bandwidth blocks. Taiwan Mobile’s merger with Taiwan Star enabled the company to combine their respective C-band holdings, forming a single 100 MHz block. Similarly, FarEasTone’s merger doubled its 28 GHz spectrum from 400 MHz to 800 MHz on top of the 80 MHz of the 3.5 GHz band it initially acquired.

Proportion of 5G Spectrum Samples
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

Speedtest Intelligence data from the first half of 2025 highlights that C-band spectrum, a crucial mid-band frequency, accounts for the vast majority—85.5%—of all 5G Speedtest samples collected across Taiwan’s mobile networks. FarEasTone and Chunghwa Telecom showed a heavy reliance on the C-band, with 98.0% and 85.3% of their samples, respectively, originating from C-band. Taiwan Mobile, while still predominantly using C-band (78.6%), shows a more significant proportion of samples from the low-band at 21.1%, compared to its competitors. This reflects Taiwan Mobile’s strategic use of lower frequencies, which became more accessible following its merger with T Star.

Taiwan's Mobile Operators 5G Availability Benchmark
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2024 – 1H 2025

Between the first half of 2024 and the first half of 2025, Taiwan’s 5G Availability for all providers combined increased from 62.1% to 69.3%. All three major operators demonstrated an improvement in 5G Availability. According to Speedtest Intelligence data from the first half of 2025, FarEasTone leads the market with 72.4% 5G Availability, which also saw 6.9 percentage points year-over-year improvement from 65.5% in 1H 2024. Chunghwa Telecom improved its 5G Availability from 63.9% to 69.8%, a gain of 5.9 percentage points while Taiwan Mobile 5G Availability grew from 58.0% to 66.5%, an increase of 8.5 percentage points.

Chunghwa Telecom’s higher speeds indicate performance does not always correlate with network availability

The 5G performance results of Taiwan’s mobile operators show a more pronounced distinction than their 5G Availability scores. Based on Speedtest Intelligence data from the first half of 2025, Chunghwa Telecom held a commanding lead across both download and upload speeds, reaching a median download of 344.25 Mbps. This speed was 31.6% higher than FarEasTone’s and 54.1% higher than Taiwan Mobile’s. Chunghwa also recorded the highest median upload speed at 34.52 Mbps and the lowest multi-server latency at 23 ms.

Taiwan's Mobile Operators 5G Performance Benchmark
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

FarEasTone, while leading in 5G Availability, fell behind Chunghwa in median download and upload speeds, with a reported median speed of 261.17 Mbps and 28.92 Mbps, respectively. This difference clearly indicates that broader 5G Availability does not always translate to the same level of speed performance. Taiwan Mobile, meanwhile, trailed both rivals, with the lowest median download and upload speeds.

Proportion of 5G-capable devices shows opportunities for better adoption

Of all devices taking a Speedtest, only 46.7% were 5G-capable devices that were connected to a 5G network when running a Speedtest. A large portion, 40.1%, were 5G-capable but are yet to be connected to a 5G network, while 13.2% were non-5G devices. This suggests that despite the widespread availability of 5G-capable devices, a substantial percentage of users are either not on a 5G plan or are operating in areas with limited 5G coverage, a key area for operator focus.

Proportion of Devices Taking Speedtest in Taiwan
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

The operators already have a base of consumers who own 5G-capable devices, with varying levels of success in converting 5G-capable devices into active 5G connections. Chunghwa Telecom demonstrates the most effective user adoption strategy, with 88.3% of its customer base owning 5G-capable devices, and 50.6% of its users conducting tests on 5G in 1H 2025. Chunghwa’s performance is further highlighted by its low proportion of non-5G devices at just 11.1%, indicating a more modern device base compared to its rivals. In contrast, both FarEasTone and Taiwan Mobile trail the market in converting 5G-capable devices to active 5G connections. With 45.5% for FarEasTone and 45.0% for Taiwan Mobile, both operators fall below the national average. Additionally, both show a higher proportion of non-5G devices, 14.6% for FarEasTone and 14.8% for Taiwan Mobile, suggesting a potential lag in device modernization.

5G-capable devices still spend most of their connected time on 4G network

Even with a growing number of 5G-capable devices, Taiwan’s mobile users still spend the majority of their time on the 4G network. This trend is consistent across all three major operators. Data from the first half of 2025 shows that for all 5G-capable devices, time spent on 4G is more than double the time spent on 5G.

Proportion of Time Spent on Technology (5G-capable devices)
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

Chunghwa Telecom demonstrates the highest proportion of users spending time on 5G, with 5G-capable devices spending 32.4% of their time on the 5G network. In contrast, both FarEasTone and Taiwan Mobile trail the market, with their 5G-capable devices spending only 27.8% and 27.7% of their time on 5G, respectively. For all operators, the proportion of time spent on 4G is far higher, reaching 66.2% for Chunghwa Telecom and over 70% for both FarEasTone and Taiwan Mobile.

Spectrum choice can also play a big role in shaping the time users spend on a 5G network. Techniques like Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) allow operators to use the same frequency bands for both 4G and 5G simultaneously, facilitating a more rapid and cost-effective rollout of 5G services. Operators should also prioritize densifying their 5G networks by expanding indoor coverage and adding more small cell sites in high-traffic areas. These efforts would reduce the reliance on 4G for stability and a wider range of services, ultimately increasing the time spent on 5G and validating the significant network investments.

We will keep a close eye on the progress and effectiveness of 5G implementation in Taiwan and its regional neighbours. To find out more about Ookla Speedtest data,  get in touch.


從覆蓋到使用:縮短 5G 用戶採用落差

市場整合重塑了台灣的電信市場,剩下的營運商現在必須為下一階段做好準備

台灣的移動電信市場經歷了重大轉型,其特點是市場整合和政府支持的快速 5G 部署。這重塑了競爭格局,從五家電信商的市場轉變為由三大主要營運商主導:中華電信(CHT)、遠傳電信(FET)和台灣大哥大(TWM)。遠傳電信與亞太電信的合併,以及台灣大哥大與台灣之星的合併,重新平衡了市場份額,並使這些營運商能夠利用擴大的頻譜資產,實現更大的規模經濟效益。

主要重點:

  • 從 2024 年上半年到 2025 年上半年,台灣的 5G 可用率從 62.1% 提高到 69.3%。 台灣落後於香港(83.9%)和韓國(77.1%)等區域領先者,但領先於新加坡(67.9%)和印度(60.5%)等國家。商業 5G 網路發布的時間,以及頻譜接入和市場動態的差異,影響了各個市場報告的 5G 可用率。
  • 台灣所有三大主要營運商的 5G 可用率均有所提高,其中遠傳電信以 72.4% 領先,超過中華電信的 69.8% 和台灣大哥大的 66.5%。 從 2024 年上半年到 2025 年上半年,台灣大哥大增幅最大,增加了 8.5 個百分點,其次是遠傳電信增加了 6.9 個百分點,中華電信增加了 5.9 個百分點。
  • 儘管遠傳電信在 5G 可用率方面領先,但中華電信在性能方面擁有顯著優勢。 中華電信的中位下載速度為 344.25 Mbps,比遠傳電信高出 31.6%,比台灣大哥大高出 54.1%。中華電信還記錄了最高的中位上傳速度(34.52 Mbps)和最低的多伺服器延遲(23 毫秒)。
  • 很大一部分具備 5G 功能的設備未使用 5G 網路,有 40.1% 的用戶擁有具備 5G 功能的設備但未連接到 5G。 即使對於那些已連接的用戶,在 4G 上花費的時間也比在 5G 上花費的時間多出一倍以上。這為營運商提供了一個通過網路現代化來增加 5G 連接時間的機會。

台灣 5G 可用率接近 70%,落後於泰國和其他區域領先者

Speedtest Intelligence® 2025 年上半年的數據顯示,台灣的 5G 可用率(使用具備 5G 功能的設備且大部分時間可接入 5G 網路的用戶百分比)為 69.3%,與選定的一些鄰近國家相比,處於中等水平。台灣的 5G 可用率顯著落後於香港(83.9%)和韓國(77.1%)等區域領先者,但領先於新加坡(67.9%)和印度(60.5%)等國家。商業發布時間、頻譜接入以及包括 5G 設備可負擔性和可用性在內的市場動態等因素,影響了各個市場報告的 5G 可用率。

台灣 5G 可用率(%)與鄰近國家比較
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

韓國和香港從其早期的 5G 商業化中受益,獲得了顯著的先發優勢。例如,韓國是全球第一個於 2019 年 4 月推出商業 5G 服務的國家,並通過積極的全國性部署策略保持了高可用率。同樣地,香港的營運商在初始頻譜釋放後迅速行動,利用該城市緊湊的城市地理環境和低頻段頻譜的使用,有效地實現了接近普及的覆蓋。

策略性部署和市場整合推動台灣的 5G 可用率

中華電信、台灣大哥大和遠傳電信在 2020 年的 5G 頻譜拍賣中,獲得了備受追捧的 3.5 GHz C 頻段的大量持有,其中中華電信獲得 90 MHz,遠傳電信獲得 80 MHz,台灣大哥大獲得 60 MHz。雖然這三家營運商也都贏得了 28 GHz 頻段的毫米波 (mmWave) 頻譜,但 C 頻段已成為網路性能和可用率的主要驅動力。

自拍賣以來,市場因兩大合併案而重塑:台灣大哥大收購台灣之星,以及遠傳電信收購亞太電信 (APT)。這些合併不僅將主要營運商的數量從五家減少到三家,更重要的是,它們促成了頻譜的整合,使得合併後的實體能夠創建更大、更高效的頻寬區塊。台灣大哥大與台灣之星的合併使其能夠整合各自的 C 頻段持有,形成一個單一的 100 MHz 區塊。同樣地,遠傳電信的合併使其 28 GHz 頻譜在最初獲得的 3.5 GHz 頻段 80 MHz 基礎上翻倍,從 400 MHz 增加到 800 MHz。

5G 頻譜樣本比例
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

Speedtest Intelligence 2025 年上半年的數據強調,C 頻段頻譜,這個關鍵的中頻段頻率,佔台灣移動網路收集到的所有 5G Speedtest 樣本的絕大多數——85.5%。遠傳電信和中華電信對 C 頻段的依賴性很高,其樣本分別有 98.0% 和 85.3% 來自 C 頻段。台灣大哥大雖然仍以使用 C 頻段為主(78.6%),但來自低頻段的樣本比例(21.1%)比其競爭對手更為顯著。這反映了台灣大哥大對低頻率的策略性使用,這些頻率在其與台灣之星合併後變得更容易取得。

台灣行動網路營運商 5G 可用率基準評測
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2024 – 1H 2025

在 2024 年上半年和 2025 年上半年之間,台灣所有供應商合計的 5G 可用率從 62.1% 增加到 69.3%。所有三家主要營運商的 5G 可用率均有所提升。根據 Speedtest Intelligence 2025 年上半年的數據,遠傳電信以 72.4% 的 5G 可用率領先市場,其年增長率也從 2024 年上半年的 65.5% 提高了 6.9 個百分點。中華電信的 5G 可用率從 63.9% 提高到 69.8%,增加了 5.9 個百分點,而台灣大哥大的 5G 可用率從 58.0% 增長到 66.5%,增加了 8.5 個百分點。

中華電信更高的速度表明性能並不總是與網路可用率相關聯

台灣移動營運商的 5G 性能結果顯示出比其 5G 可用率分數更為顯著的區別。根據 Speedtest Intelligence 2025 年上半年的數據,中華電信在下載和上傳速度方面均保持領先地位,中位下載速度達到 344.25 Mbps。這個速度比遠傳電信高出 31.6%,比台灣大哥大高出 54.1%。中華電信還記錄了最高的中位上傳速度(34.52 Mbps)和最低的多伺服器延遲 23 毫秒.

台灣行動網路營運商 5G 性能基準評測
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

遠傳電信雖然在 5G 可用率方面領先,但在中位下載和上傳速度方面落後於中華電信,報告的中位速度分別為 261.17 Mbps 和 28.92 Mbps。這種差異清楚地表明,更廣泛的 5G 可用率並不總是能轉化為相同水平的速度性能。同時,台灣大哥大落後於這兩個競爭對手,其下載和上傳速度均為最低中位數。

具備 5G 功能的設備比例顯示了更好的採用機會

在所有進行 Speedtest 的設備中,只有 46.7% 是在運行 Speedtest 時連接到 5G 網路的具備 5G 功能的設備。很大一部分(40.1%)是具備 5G 功能但尚未連接到 5G 網路的設備,而 13.2% 是非 5G 設備。這表明,儘管具備 5G 功能的設備已廣泛可用,但仍有很大比例的用戶要么沒有使用 5G 方案,要么在 5G 覆蓋有限的地區運行,這是營運商需要重點關注的領域。

在台灣進行 Speedtest 測試的設備比例
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

營運商已經擁有一批擁有具備 5G 功能設備的用戶群,但在將具備 5G 功能的設備轉化為活躍的 5G 連接方面,成功程度各不相同。中華電信展示了最有效的用戶採用策略,其客戶群中有 88.3% 擁有具備 5G 功能的設備,且在 2025 年上半年有 50.6% 的用戶在 5G 網路上進行測試。中華電信的表現進一步突出在其非 5G 設備比例較低,僅為 11.1%,這表明與競爭對手相比,其設備基礎更為現代化。相比之下,遠傳電信和台灣大哥大在將具備 5G 功能的設備轉化為活躍 5G 連接方面均落後於市場。遠傳電信為 45.5%,台灣大哥大為 45.0%,兩家營運商均低於全國平均水平。此外,兩家公司的非 5G 設備比例也較高,遠傳電信為 14.6%,台灣大哥大為 14.8%,這表明設備現代化可能存在滯後。

具備 5G 功能的設備仍將大部分連線時間花費在 4G 網路上

即使具備 5G 功能的設備數量不斷增加,台灣的行動用戶仍將大部分時間花費在 4G 網路上。這一趨勢在所有三家主要營運商中都是一致的。2025 年上半年的數據顯示,對於所有具備 5G 功能的設備,花費在 4G 上的時間是花費在 5G 上的時間的兩倍以上.

技術使用時間比例(具備 5G 功能的設備)
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

In 中華電信展示了用戶花費在 5G 上時間的最高比例,具備 5G 功能的設備將 32.4% 的時間花費在 5G 網路上。相比之下,遠傳電信和台灣大哥大都落後於市場,他們具備 5G 功能的設備花費在 5G 上的時間分別只有 27.8% 和 27.7%。對於所有營運商來說,花費在 4G 上的時間比例要高得多,中華電信達到 66.2%,遠傳電信和台灣大哥大都超過 70%。

頻譜選擇在決定用戶花費在 5G 網路上的時間方面也可以發揮重要作用。動態頻譜共享 (DSS) 等技術允許營運商同時將相同的頻段用於 4G 和 5G,從而有助於更快、更具成本效益地推出 5G 服務。營運商還應優先通過擴展室內覆蓋範圍和在高流量區域增加更多小型基地台來加密其 5G 網路。這些努力將減少對 4G 的穩定性和更廣泛服務的依賴,最終增加花費在 5G 上的時間,並驗證重大的網路投資。

我們將繼續密切關注台灣及其區域鄰國 5G 實施的進展和有效性。要了解更多關於 Ookla Speedtest 數據的資訊,請聯繫我們.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

| October 7, 2025

Mapping India's Digital Landscape - Mobile Connectivity and Its Impact on Rural India

India has achieved a remarkable digital transformation in the past three to five years, solidifying its position as the world’s second-largest telecommunications market and making significant strides in connecting its more than 650,000 villages. The country has seen robust subscriber growth, an exponential surge in data consumption, and the strategic, rapid deployment of next-generation technologies, particularly 5G. While significant progress has been made, the latest data reveals a compelling narrative of both remarkable success and persistent urban-rural disparities.

Key Takeaways

  • Rural India continues to face a significant digital divide. Although India’s wireless subscriber base grew to 117.1 crore (1.17 billion) by June 2025, a significant mobile penetration gap persists. Urban areas boast a robust mobile penetration rate of 125.3%, while rural areas considerably lag at 58.8%. This stark contrast highlights the critical need for targeted development to overcome barriers to mobile access.
  • In the first half of 2025, 4G networks demonstrated strong penetration in rural India, with data samples with signal strength stronger than -110 dBm reported in 88.9% of total villages nationwide. This widespread coverage underscores the success of 4G as a foundational broadband technology. The deployment of 5G is also progressing swiftly, with coverage detected in 77.8% of villages. The 11.1 percentage point difference between 4G and 5G coverage is the outcome of a phased rollout strategy that prioritizes densely populated areas before expanding to rural regions. 
  • Most states and union territories in India have reported median download speeds exceeding 40 Mbps, largely due to the introduction of 5G. This has led to a nationwide improvement in connectivity performance. Urbanized areas and smaller territories are at the forefront of this improvement, with Delhi recording the highest median download speeds at 168.14 Mbps.
  • Data on the lower 10th percentile download speed shows significant gains, especially in regions with previously slower networks. Lakshadweep’s bottom 10th percentile speed increased more than thirteen-fold, from 0.68 Mbps in 1H 2024 to 8.99 Mbps in 1H 2025. This improvement is a direct outcome of government programs such as the BharatNet project, which aims to expand connectivity infrastructure across all regions.

Regional mobile penetration shows urban dominance and rural under-connectivity

India’s telecommunications sector has seen substantial growth, fueled by increasingly affordable tariffs, expanded service availability, and the ongoing implementation of new technologies like 5G networks. In 2024, mobile data traffic surged 23% year-over-year, reaching 21.5 exabytes per month. The total mobile subscriber base in India has shown consistent growth over the last three years. Based on data from the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), total wireless subscribers in India rose from 1,147.39 million at the end of June 2022 to 1,170.88 million by the end of June 2025.

Despite impressive network expansion, a significant urban-rural gap in digital access and quality of service persists in India. Mobile penetration, often referred to as teledensity (telephone connections per 100 people), clearly illustrates this disparity. The national average of 82.74% masks a stark contrast: as of June 2025, urban mobile penetration was 125.3%, indicating multi-device ownership, while rural India’s was significantly lower at 58.8%. This 66.5 percentage point difference highlights the unequal distribution of telecommunication services and the need for targeted interventions to ensure equitable digital access.

India's Mobile Penetration Between Urban & Rural Areas
TRAI Indian Telecom Services Performance Indicators| June, 2025

Data from TRAI reveals a direct correlation between a region’s level of urbanization and its mobile penetration. This is evident, as the high initial investment required for network infrastructure is more economically viable in densely populated urban areas, where a larger customer base can be served more efficiently. 

India's States & Union Territories Mobile Penetration (%)
TRAI Telecom Services Performance Indicators | April–June, 2025

As of June 2025, Delhi reported a high mobile penetration of 179.7%, followed by Goa at 153.0% and Chandigarh at 144.1%. This data indicates a saturation of telecom connections in these regions, where many individuals possess multiple SIM cards or devices to cater to both personal and professional needs. The concentration of economic activity and population in these urban centers creates a strong demand for extensive connectivity.

Conversely, several states with large rural populations exhibit considerably lower mobile penetration rates. Bihar has the lowest at 56.1%, with the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu at 62.9%, and Jharkhand reporting a penetration rate of 63.0% during the same period.

Despite its low population density and challenging geographic terrain, Ladakh recorded a high mobile penetration rate value of 181.2%. This can be attributed to a large transient population of military personnel, tourists, and seasonal laborers. Its strategic national security importance has also driven significant government investment in robust digital infrastructure to ensure seamless communication for defense operations.

Government initiatives paving the way for widespread mobile coverage

With approximately 650,000 villages across the country, the Government of India has launched a number of targeted initiatives to enhance mobile coverage, particularly in underserved rural and remote areas. The Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF), now known as Digital Bharat Nidhi, is a key mechanism used to subsidize and fund the development of rural and remote telecom infrastructure. The BharatNet project, a flagship government initiative, aims to provide high-speed broadband connectivity to more than 250,000 Gram Panchayats (village councils) across India using optical fiber. As of early 2025, approximately 220,000 Gram Panchayats are service-ready or already connected.

Using Cell Analytics™ data from the first half of 2025, we analyzed mobile connectivity in Indian villages at national, state, and union territory levels. We then mapped the reported signal strength for each village, categorizing it as: superior (stronger than -80 dBm), good (-80 dBm to -90 dBm), fair (-90 dBm to -100 dBm), and poor (-100 dBm to -110 dBm). The -110 dBm threshold is crucial for reliable voice calls and basic data usage. This data highlights the current state and progress of India’s 4G and 5G mobile network evolution by showing the percentage of villages with detected samples for these technologies, noting that there was limited data for the northern region of Ladakh.

In the first half of 2025, 4G networks demonstrated strong penetration in rural India, with samples reporting signal strengths exceeding -110 dBm in 88.9% of all villages nationwide. This indicates the widespread success of 4G as a foundational broadband technology. In contrast, 5G samples were detected in 77.8% of villages, highlighting an 11.1 percentage point difference that reflects the ongoing and phased deployment of 5G technology.

Percentage of Villages in India with 4G and 5G Reported Samples Stronger Than -110dBm
Cell Analytics™ | 1H 2025

The data also shows that highly urbanized regions and smaller union territories in India are close to achieving universal mobile access. The union territories of Chandigarh and Puducherry, along with the state of Kerala and the National Capital Territory of Delhi, have 100% of their villages reporting a mobile signal stronger than -110 dBm, indicating mobile coverage in all villages within the state or union territories. Other states, such as Punjab 99.6% and Haryana 99.7%, reported signal samples stronger than -110 dBm across their villages.

Percentage of Villages in India's States and Union Territories With Reported Mobile Samples Stronger Than -110dBm
Cell Analytics™ | 1H 2025

The data also highlights disparities in connectivity across various states and union territories, particularly in regions with challenging geographical conditions. States like Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh, with 26.4% and 23.1% respectively of their villages reporting no mobile samples, underscore the strategic importance of targeted initiatives and investments in these areas.

Mobile network performance gains span all regions

India has achieved one of the fastest 5G rollouts globally since the commercial launch of services in October 2022. By February 2025, over 469,000 5G Base Transceiver Stations (BTSs) had been deployed. The introduction of 5G has significantly improved connectivity performance nationwide. Based on Speedtest Intelligence® data from the first half of 2025, median download speeds across all technologies are generally good nationwide, with the majority of states and union territories reporting speeds well above 40 Mbps.

Urbanized areas and smaller territories are leading in performance. Delhi, Chandigarh and Puducherry have the top median download speeds at 168.14 Mbps, 115.71 Mbps and 114.35 Mbps, respectively. Lakshadweep was the only region to report a median download speed below 20 Mbps, at 16.55 Mbps. As an archipelago in the Arabian Sea, its lower speed can be attributed to geographical and infrastructural challenges that differentiate it from mainland states.

Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir are exceptions to the link between high urbanization and fast mobile performance, with median download speeds of 150.97 Mbps and 136.97 Mbps, respectively. The geopolitical importance of these regions necessitates a reliable and robust network dedicated to supporting defense and government operations.

Median Mobile Download Speeds (Mbps) Across India's States and Union Territories
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

This progress is also significantly reflected in the performance of the lowest-performing connections. Data for the lower 10th percentile download speed shows performance gains over the past six months, especially in states and union territories with lower median download speeds. For example, Lakshadweep, which reported the lowest median download speed, saw its lower 10th percentile speed increase more than thirteen-fold, from 0.68 Mbps in 1H 2024 to 8.99 Mbps in 1H 2025. Similarly, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands also experienced a significant jump, with speeds rising from 1.25 Mbps to 6.71 Mbps. These overall improvements in lower 10th percentile download speed across all states and union territories mean that access to services and opportunities previously confined to urban centers are now reaching more rural areas.

States and Union Territories Lower 10th Percentile Download Speed (Mbps)
Speedtest Intelligence® | 1H 2025

Universal digital access requires continuous regulator-operator collaboration to overcome last-mile challenges

The progress in India’s digital connectivity is a direct result of strategic efforts by regulators and operators, but achieving universal access requires sustained action. One such example is the Digital Bharat Nidhi, which funds telecom infrastructure in commercially unviable rural areas and supports foundational initiatives like the BharatNet project. Telecom operators are complementing these efforts with rapid 5G rollouts and the launch of affordable devices, such as JioBharat, to drive rural adoption.

However, significant challenges remain. Last-mile connectivity is a major hurdle, requiring sustainable public-private partnerships. The Amended BharatNet Program and the 4G Saturation Project are designed to address these gaps, but their timely completion is critical. The regulator must continue to streamline policies and provide incentives to encourage further investment in remote regions. By focusing on these areas, India can ensure that its digital progress is inclusive, extending the benefits of connectivity to every village.

For more information about Speedtest Intelligence data and insights, please contact us.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

| October 6, 2025

Latam Fiber Operators Risk Stumbling over Outdated Wi-Fi

Speedy networks in Latin America could be hindered if operators don’t embrace newer Wi-Fi standards.

Spanish/Español

Fiber networks are becoming increasingly available across Latin American countries. That’s clearly a boon to residents in the region looking for speedy internet connections. After all, fiber typically outperforms all other telecommunications access technologies – and as a result they often serve as a backbone for Wi-Fi access points.

That said, the rise of fiber across Latin America faces challenges, not the least of which is outdated Wi-Fi standards. As fiber brings faster connections, providers must look to upgrade their users to more capable Wi-Fi technologies.

Key takeaways:

  • The full capabilities available through fiber networks cannot be achieved with outdated Wi-Fi standards. For example, the Wi-Fi 5 protocol tops out at 6.9 Gbps – well below the 10 Gbps speeds some operators in Latin America are offering.
  • The Wi-Fi 6 standard promises to significantly improve customers’ speeds. Already some Wi-Fi 6 users in Latin America enjoy 10x the median download speeds of their Wi-Fi 4 counterparts. Chile and Uruguay lead on the adoption of Wi-Fi 6 in Latin America.
  • Some fiber operators in the region still maintain large numbers of Wi-Fi 4 connections – up to a third of their customer base in some cases, per Speedtest results. And Huawei and TP-Link are the top Wi-Fi 4 router brands. This information could help operators identify areas in need of investments.
  • The combination of fiber networks and newer, more capable Wi-Fi connections can help operators score direct revenues through the sale of faster pricing tiers as well as indirect revenues through improved customer satisfaction and superior brand reputation.

Latin America is a hotbed of fiber

The rise of fiber is clear in data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), an international association that works with governments to create evidence-based standards to tackle global economic, social and environmental challenges.

The Growth of Fiber in Latin America
Percent share of fiber and DSL in fixed broadband subscriptions, 2009-2023, per OECD

Fiber subscriptions in México, Chile, Colombia and Costa Rica grew 258% over the previous four years, according to 2024 data from the OECD. Brazil – Latin America’s most populous country – was fifth in an OECD global ranking of the year-over-year increase in fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, from June 2023 to June 2024.

This transition to fiber is reflected in Speedtest Intelligence© results for Latin America’s most populated countries:

Fixed Internet Speeds in Latin America's Most Populous Countries
From Speedtest Intelligence, 2021 – 2025

However, the market for fiber in Latin America is punctuated by plenty of unique circumstances and local flavors.

For example, recent data from Brazil’s telecom regulator, Anatel, shows that 77.2% of Brazil’s fixed internet connections were fiber-based as of November 2024. That’s up 8.8% from the year prior. But some of the region’s major telecom network operators – like Telefónica’s Vivo (with 17.6% market share in Brazil) and América Móvil’s Claro (with 4.6% market share in Brazil) – are competing with the country’s many “pequeños proveedores.” These are the small and regional internet service providers (ISPs) that collectively account for an extraordinary 67% of all fiber connections in Brazil. These smaller players have proven agile in selling fiber to medium-sized cities and underserved areas, often outpacing big, traditional incumbents.

Meanwhile, in México, the transition to fiber is being driven by large, international telecom players. For example, Claro holds a 40% market share in fixed broadband connections in México and has successfully migrated around 85% of its broadband customers to fiber. The results of this work are clear: Ookla recently revealed that median download speeds in México have more than tripled over the past five years across all fixed ISPs.

Finally, in countries like Colombia, Chile and Brazil, the neutral host networking business model is expanding via providers like On Net Fibra and V.tal. Under that model, a single company builds and operates a shared fiber network that is then leased to multiple other service providers.

Regardless of such regional differences, the result is the same: More fiber. This progress can be clearly seen in Bogotá, Colombia, via Ookla’s Speedtest Insights©. The below map shows the overall rise in fixed network speeds across the city during the past six months of 2025, compared with the same period in 2024:

Map of Fixed Network Speed ?improvements in Bogota, Colombia

The value of Wi-Fi upgrades 

The rise of fiber in Latin America creates a path for ISPs in the region to profit from the sale of faster service plans with better features and more reliable connections. However, a customer’s Wi-Fi network can hamstring this momentum.

To illustrate this situation, let’s compare the performance of fiber-based Speedtest Intelligence samples from devices connected via Ethernet vs. those using Wi-Fi. Results show that, in general, users who bypass Wi-Fi with an Ethernet cable may double their download speeds:

Fiber Network Performance by Access Technology, Ethernet vs. Wi-Fi
Speedtest Intelligence data for Brazil, August 2024-2025

However, few internet surfers want to plug their computer into a wire. In terms of Speedtest samples, Wi-Fi is roughly 20 times more popular than Ethernet.

Now, here’s where things get interesting. Since Wi-Fi is the preferred way for customers to connect to a fiber access point, the version of Wi-Fi they use becomes critical. And, not surprisingly, newer technologies can speed things up.

For example, Mundo in Chile currently offers 10 Gbps service plans. And – incredibly – it’s rolling out plans that provide speeds up to 50 Gbps. As noted by Wi-Fi router vendor TP-Link and chip vendor Intel, customers won’t be able to access those speeds without using the latest version of Wi-Fi. Here are the theoretical maximum speeds available across various Wi-Fi standards (users’ normal speeds are generally much lower than the theoretical maximum):

Thus, subscribing to Mundo’s 50 Gbps plan while using a Wi-Fi 4 router would be like eating a steak dinner through a straw: You’d get what you need, but not what you’d want.

Broadly, here’s what Ookla is seeing in the deployment of newer Wi-Fi technologies across Latin America:

Chile and Uruguay are Leading Latin America's Wi-Fi 6 Deployments
Percent of Wi-Fi samples in Speedtest Intelligence, H1 2025

Chile and Uruguay show a lead in the adoption of the Wi-Fi 6 standard. However, Wi-Fi 4 still represents at least a fifth of connections, and remains above 40% in markets in Central America, as well as in Argentina, Paraguay and Venezuela.

Speedtest users’ speeds clearly track with the type of Wi-Fi they’re using:

Wi-Fi 6 Shows the Fastest Speeds
Speedtest Intelligence, Q2 2025

To be clear, it’s reasonable to assume that slower networking technologies like xDSL might be underpinning many Wi-Fi 4 connections, while Wi-Fi 6 connections may lean more toward fiber networks.

Nonetheless, here are the operators in Latin America with more than 30% of their test samples using Wi-Fi 6:

Fiber Operators with High Wi-Fi 6 Usage
Speedtest Intelligence, Q2 2025

The Wi-Fi 6 standard introduces several key technologies to improve performance including orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA), which allows a single channel to serve multiple devices simultaneously. The standard also sports a more efficient modulation scheme (1024-QAM) and BSS Coloring, which helps networks in the same area coexist.

And, like most technologies, Wi-Fi continues to evolve. The standard’s latest iteration – Wi-Fi 7 – is just now beginning to appear in Latin America, but only in tiny slivers. For example, just 0.1% of the samples from America Movil in Brazil and México show Wi-Fi 7 capabilities. This is likely due to some early adopters among the operator’s customer base. A few other operators in Latin America are also showing some Wi-Fi 7 usage, but mostly in numbers that are not statistically relevant because the sample size is too small.

The same goes for Wi-Fi 6 connections in the 6 GHz band (most Wi-Fi operations in Latin America are in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands). Only Vivo in Brazil registers a statistically relevant number of Wi-Fi 6 samples in the 6 GHz band (called 6E), at 0.1% of the operator’s tests. This finding is noteworthy because there’s an ongoing debate among regulators in the region about how to handle the 6 GHz band. Some cellular operators want some or all of the band to be set aside exclusively for licensed 5G and 6G operations. Meanwhile, some Wi-Fi proponents prefer the band be allocated to unlicensed uses, like Wi-Fi. Brazil’s regulator, Anatel, initially set aside the entire 6 GHz band for unlicensed Wi-Fi in 2021, but in recent months has proposed reserving the upper portion of the band for licensed cellular networks. Some other countries in Latin America are debating similar moves.

Weeding out slower Wi-Fi 

Speedtest samples from the below operators have two key characteristics: They show a median latency under 16 ms (suggesting a fiber network) and more than a third of their tests were conducted over Wi-Fi 4. With the exception of HV in Colombia, tests from all of these operators were in Brazil:

Latin American Fiber Operators with High W-Fi 4 Usage
Speedtest Intelligence, Q2 2025

If these operators upgrade their customers’ Wi-Fi routers to support newer versions of the Wi-Fi standard – or at least communicate the situation – they could dramatically improve their customers’ experiences.

Looking at the distribution of Wi-Fi 4 samples by router manufacturer, Huawei and TP-Link emerge as the top brands across Latin America. However, their popularity varies by market, which is no surprise considering users could be getting their routers through their operator, through a third-party merchant or through some other source. Further, users’ experiences can be affected by any additional Wi-Fi extenders or repeaters they may be using.

Top Wi-Fi 4 Router Manufacturers in Latin America
Sample Percents by Manufacturer, Speedtest Intelligence, Q2 2025

Nonetheless, this information is important because Speedtest users prefer more advanced Wi-Fi standards. For example, users in México gave their Wi-Fi 4 connections a 2.9 satisfaction ranking (out of 5) in the first half of this year. For Wi-Fi 5 users, that ranking was 4.2.

And Wi-Fi 6 users in México reported satisfaction levels of 4.7, or 94%.

Wi-Fi 7 advances in international markets

The adoption of Wi-Fi 7 on a global scale is still in its early stages, but it is showing signs of growth in certain regions.

For example, in the first quarter of 2025, Wi-Fi 7’s share of fixed samples in the United States was less than 2%, though this represented a significant increase from the previous quarter. And in Europe, countries like France, Switzerland and Denmark were at the forefront of Wi-Fi 7 adoption by the end of 2024, with France leading with a 1.5% Speedtest sample share. This is primarily due to ISPs that include Wi-Fi 7 routers as part of their service bundles.

Like Latin America, some fiber-rich countries in Europe – such as Spain, Portugal and Ireland – still have a large base of older Wi-Fi 4 and Wi-Fi 5 connections.

As Latin American operators continue their march toward widespread fiber adoption, the full promise of these ultra-fast networks can only be realized if Wi-Fi technology keeps pace. The combination of fast fiber networks and speedy Wi-Fi connections can allow operators to sell increasingly competitive tiered service plans as well as gain enhanced customer loyalty and brand reputation.

By strategically upgrading outdated Wi-Fi 4 connections and actively promoting the benefits of newer standards like Wi-Fi 6 and Wi-Fi 7, providers can ensure their fiber revolution translates into a better internet experience for every user.


Here is this same article translated into Spanish:

Los operadores de fibra óptica de Latinoamérica corren el riesgo de tropezar con el Wi-Fi obsoleto

Las redes de alta velocidad en América Latina podrían verse con dificultades si los operadores no adoptan los nuevos estándares Wi-Fi.

Las redes de fibra óptica están cada vez más disponibles en los países de América Latina. Esto supone claramente una ventaja para los residentes de la región que buscan conexiones rápidas a Internet. Al fin y al cabo, la fibra óptica suele superar a todas las demás tecnologías de acceso a las telecomunicaciones y, como resultado, a menudo sirve de columna vertebral para los puntos de acceso Wi-Fi.

Sin embargo, el auge de la fibra en América Latina se enfrenta a retos, entre los que destaca el de los estándares Wi-Fi obsoletos. Dado que la fibra ofrece conexiones más rápidas, los proveedores deben buscar actualizar a sus usuarios a tecnologías Wi-Fi más capaces.

Conclusiones clave:

  • Las capacidades completas disponibles a través de las redes de fibra óptica no se pueden alcanzar con estándares Wi-Fi obsoletos. Por ejemplo, el protocolo Wi-Fi 5 alcanza un máximo de 6,9 Gbps, muy por debajo de las velocidades de 10 Gbps que ofrecen algunos operadores en América Latina.
  • El estándar Wi-Fi 6 promete mejorar significativamente las velocidades de los clientes. Algunos usuarios de Wi-Fi 6 en América Latina ya disfrutan de velocidades de descarga 10 veces superiores a la mediana de sus homólogos de Wi-Fi 4. Chile y Uruguay lideran la adopción de Wi-Fi 6 en América Latina.
  • Algunos operadores de fibra de la región siguen manteniendo un gran número de conexiones Wi-Fi 4, hasta un tercio de su base de clientes en algunos casos, según los resultados de Speedtest. Y Huawei y TP-Link son las principales marcas de routers Wi-Fi 4. Esta información podría ayudar a los operadores a identificar las áreas que necesitan inversiones.
  • La combinación de redes de fibra y conexiones Wi-Fi más nuevas y capaces puede ayudar a los operadores a obtener ingresos directos mediante la venta de tarifas más rápidas, así como ingresos indirectos gracias a la mejora de la satisfacción del cliente y la reputación superior de la marca.

Latinoamérica es un hervidero de fibra

El auge de la fibra es evidente en los datos de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), una asociación internacional que colabora con los gobiernos para crear normas basadas en datos empíricos con el fin de abordar los retos económicos, sociales y medioambientales a nivel mundial.

El crecimiento de la fibra en América Latina
Porcentaje de fibra y DSL en las suscripciones de ancho de banda fijo, 2009-2023, por OECD

Las suscripciones a la fibra óptica en México, Chile, Colombia y Costa Rica crecieron un 258% en los últimos cuatro años, según datos de la OCDE para 2024. Brasil, el país más poblado de América Latina, ocupó el quinto lugar en la clasificación mundial de la OCDE sobre el aumento interanual de las suscripciones a banda ancha fija por cada 100 habitantes, entre junio de 2023 y junio de 2024.

Esta transición a la fibra se refleja en los resultados de Speedtest Intelligence© para los países más poblados de América Latina:

Velocidades de internet fijas en los países más poblados de América Latina
De Speedtest Intelligence, 2021-2025

Sin embargo, el mercado de la fibra en América Latina se caracteriza por numerosas circunstancias únicas y particularidades locales.

Por ejemplo, datos recientes del regulador de telecomunicaciones de Brasil, Anatel, muestran que el 77,2% de las conexiones fijas a Internet en Brasil en noviembre de 2024 eran de fibra óptica. Esto supone un aumento del 8,8% con respecto al año anterior. Pero algunos de los principales operadores de redes de telecomunicaciones de la región, como Vivo de Telefónica (con una cuota de mercado del 17,6% en Brasil) y Claro de América Móvil (con una cuota de mercado del 4,6% en Brasil), compiten con los numerosos «pequeños proveedores» del país. Se trata de pequeños proveedores de servicios de Internet (ISP) regionales que, en conjunto, representan un extraordinario 67% de todas las conexiones de fibra óptica en Brasil. Estos pequeños operadores han demostrado su agilidad a la hora de vender fibra óptica a ciudades medianas y zonas desatendidas, superando a menudo a los grandes operadores tradicionales.

Mientras tanto, en México, la transición a la fibra está siendo impulsada por grandes operadores internacionales de telecomunicaciones. Por ejemplo, Claro tiene una cuota de mercado del 40% en conexiones de banda ancha fija en México y ha migrado con éxito alrededor del 85% de sus clientes de banda ancha a la fibra. Los resultados de este trabajo son evidentes: Ookla reveló recientemente que la velocidad media de descarga en México se ha más que triplicado en los últimos cinco años en todos los ISP fijos.

Por último, en países como Colombia, Chile y Brasil, el modelo de negocio de redes de neutral host se está expandiendo a través de proveedores como On Net Fibra y V.tal. En este modelo, una sola empresa construye y opera una red de fibra compartida que luego se alquila a otros proveedores de servicios.

Independientemente de estas diferencias regionales, el resultado es el mismo: más fibra. Este progreso se puede ver claramente en Bogotá, Colombia, a través de Speedtest Insights© de Ookla. El siguiente mapa muestra el aumento general de las velocidades de la red fija en toda la ciudad durante los últimos seis meses de 2025, en comparación con el mismo período de 2024:

Mapa de Mejoras en la velocidad de la red fija en Bototá, Colombia

El valor de las mejoras en la conexión Wi-Fi 

El auge de la fibra en América Latina abre el camino para que los ISP de la región se beneficien de la venta de planes de servicio más rápidos, con mejores prestaciones y conexiones más fiables. Sin embargo, la red Wi-Fi de un cliente puede frenar este impulso.

Para ilustrar esta situación, comparemos el rendimiento de las muestras de Speedtest Intelligence realizadas sobre una red de fibra óptica desde dispositivos conectados a través de Ethernet con las hechas desde dispositivos que utilizan Wi-Fi. Los resultados muestran que, en general, los usuarios que evitan el Wi-Fi con un cable Ethernet pueden duplicar sus velocidades de descarga:

Rendimiento red de fibra por tecnología de acceso: Ethernet vs. Wi-Fi
Datos de Speedtest Intelligence para Brasil, agosto 2024-2025

Sin embargo, pocos internautas quieren conectar su ordenador a un cable. En términos de muestras de Speedtest, el Wi-Fi es aproximadamente 20 veces más popular que el Ethernet.

Ahora es cuando la cosa se pone interesante. Dado que el Wi-Fi es la forma preferida por los clientes para conectarse a un punto de acceso de fibra, la versión de Wi-Fi que utilizan se convierte en un factor crítico. Y, como es lógico, las tecnologías más nuevas pueden acelerar las cosas.

Por ejemplo, Mundo ofrece actualmente planes de servicio de 10 Gbps en Chile. Y, aunque parezca increíble, se está preparando para lanzar planes que proporcionan velocidades de hasta 50 Gbps. Como señala el proveedor de routers Wi-Fi TP-Link, los clientes no podrán acceder a esas velocidades sin utilizar la última versión de Wi-Fi. Estas son las velocidades máximas disponibles en los distintos estándares Wi-Fi:

Por lo tanto, suscribirse al plan de 50 Gbps de Mundo mientras se usa un router Wi-Fi 4 sería como comer un bistec con una pajita: obtendrías lo que necesitas, pero no lo que quieres.

En términos generales, esto es lo que Ookla está observando en la implementación de nuevas tecnologías Wi-Fi en Latinoamérica:

Chile y Uruguay lideran los despliegues de Wi-Fi 6 en Latinoamérica
Porcentaje de muestras de Wi-Fi en Speedtest Intelligence, primer sem. 2025

Chile y Uruguay lideran la adopción del estándar Wi-Fi 6. Sin embargo, Wi-Fi 4 aún representa al menos una quinta parte de las conexiones y se mantiene por encima del 40% en los mercados de Centroamérica, así como en Argentina, Paraguay y Venezuela.

Las velocidades de los usuarios de Speedtest se corresponden claramente con el tipo de Wi-Fi que utilizan:

Wi-Fi 6 muestra las velocidades más rápidas
Speedtest Intelligence, Q2 2025

Para ser claros, es razonable suponer que tecnologías de red más lentas, como xDSL, podrían estar respaldando muchas conexiones Wi-Fi 4, mientras que las conexiones Wi-Fi 6 podrían inclinarse más hacia las redes de fibra.

No obstante, estos son los operadores en Latinoamérica con más del 30% de sus muestras de Speedtest utilizando Wi-Fi 6:

Operadores de fibra con alto uso de Wi-Fi 6
Speedtest Intelligence, segundo trimestre 2025

El estándar Wi-Fi 6 introduce varias tecnologías clave para mejorar el rendimiento, entre las que se incluyen el acceso múltiple por división de frecuencia ortogonal (OFDMA), que permite que un solo canal atienda a múltiples dispositivos simultáneamente. El estándar también incorpora un esquema de modulación más eficiente (1024-QAM) y coloración BSS, que facilita la coexistencia de redes en la misma área.

Y, como la mayoría de las tecnologías, el Wi-Fi continúa evolucionando. La última versión del estándar, Wi-Fi 7, apenas comienza a aparecer en Latinoamérica, pero solo en pequeñas porciones. Por ejemplo, solo el 0,1% de las muestras de América Móvil en Brasil y México muestran capacidades de Wi-Fi 7. Esto probablemente se deba a algunos usuarios pioneros entre la base de clientes del operador. Algunos otros operadores en Latinoamérica también muestran cierto uso de Wi-Fi 7, pero principalmente en cifras que no son estadísticamente relevantes debido a que el tamaño de la muestra es demasiado pequeño.

Lo mismo ocurre con las conexiones Wi-Fi 6 en la banda de 6 GHz (la mayoría de las operaciones de Wi-Fi en Latinoamérica se realizan en las bandas de 2,4 GHz y 5 GHz). Sólo Vivo en Brasil registra una cantidad estadísticamente relevante de muestras de Wi-Fi 6 en la banda de 6 GHz (denominada 6E), con un 0,1% de las pruebas del operador. Este hallazgo es destacable porque existe un debate en curso entre los reguladores de la región sobre cómo gestionar la banda de 6 GHz. Algunos operadores celulares quieren que parte o la totalidad de la banda se reserve exclusivamente para operaciones 5G y 6G con licencia. Mientras tanto, algunos defensores de Wi-Fi prefieren que la banda se asigne a usos sin licencia, como el Wi-Fi. El regulador brasileño, Anatel, inicialmente reservó toda la banda de 6 GHz para Wi-Fi sin licencia en 2021, pero en los últimos meses ha propuesto reservar la parte superior de la banda para redes celulares con licencia. Algunos otros países de Latinoamérica están debatiendo medidas similares.

Eliminando las redes Wi-Fi más lentas

Las pruebas de velocidad de los operadores mencionados a continuación presentan dos características clave: muestran una latencia media inferior a 16 ms (lo que sugiere una red de fibra óptica) y más de un tercio de sus pruebas se realizaron con Wi-Fi 4. Con la excepción de HV en Colombia, las pruebas de todos estos operadores se realizaron en Brasil.

Operadores de fibra de América Latina con alto uso de Wi-Fi 4
Speedtest Intelligence, segundo trimestre 2025

Si estos operadores actualizan los routers Wi-Fi de sus clientes para que sean compatibles con las versiones más recientes del estándar Wi-Fi, o al menos les informan al respecto, podrían mejorar drásticamente la experiencia de sus clientes.

Al observar la distribución de muestras de Wi-Fi 4 por fabricante de routers, Huawei y TP-Link emergen como las marcas líderes en Latinoamérica. Sin embargo, su popularidad varía según el mercado, lo cual no sorprende considerando que los usuarios pueden adquirir sus routers a través de su operador, de un tercero o de otra fuente. Además, la experiencia de los usuarios puede verse afectada por cualquier extensor o repetidor Wi-Fi adicional que puedan estar utilizando.

Top 4 de fabricantes de routers en América Latina
Porcentaje por fabricante, Speedtest Intelligence, segundo trimestre 2025

Sin embargo, esta información es importante porque los usuarios de Speedtest prefieren estándares de Wi-Fi más avanzados. Por ejemplo, los usuarios de México otorgaron a sus conexiones de Wi-Fi 4 una calificación de satisfacción de 2.9 (sobre 5) en el primer semestre de este año. Para los usuarios de Wi-Fi 5, esa calificación fue de 4.2.

Y los usuarios de Wi-Fi 6 en México, por su parte, reportaron niveles de satisfacción de 4.7, o 94%.

Wi-Fi 7 avanza en los mercados internacionales

La adopción de Wi-Fi 7 a escala global aún se encuentra en sus primeras etapas, pero muestra signos de crecimiento en ciertas regiones.

Por ejemplo, en el primer trimestre de 2025, la cuota de Wi-Fi 7 en muestras fijas en Estados Unidos fue inferior al 2%, aunque esto representó un aumento significativo con respecto al trimestre anterior. En Europa, países como Francia, Suiza y Dinamarca lideraron la adopción de Wi-Fi 7 a finales de 2024, con Francia a la cabeza con una cuota de muestras de Speedtest del 1,5%. Esto se debe principalmente a los ISP que incluyen routers Wi-Fi 7 en sus paquetes de servicios.

Al igual que Latinoamérica, algunos países europeos con abundante fibra, como España, Portugal e Irlanda, aún cuentan con una amplia base de conexiones Wi-Fi 4 y Wi-Fi 5 antiguas.

A medida que los operadores latinoamericanos avanzan hacia la adopción generalizada de la fibra, la plena efectividad de estas redes ultrarrápidas solo se podrá materializar si la tecnología Wi-Fi se mantiene al día. La combinación de redes de fibra rápidas y conexiones Wi-Fi veloces permite a los operadores ofrecer planes de servicio por niveles cada vez más competitivos, además de mejorar la fidelidad de los clientes y la reputación de la marca.

Al actualizar estratégicamente las conexiones Wi-Fi 4 obsoletas y promover activamente las ventajas de estándares más recientes como Wi-Fi 6 y Wi-Fi 7, los proveedores pueden garantizar que su revolución de la fibra se traduzca en una mejor experiencia de internet para cada usuario.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

| October 20, 2025

Mexican Consumers Gravitating Towards Higher Speed Fiber Tariffs

Mexican ISPs look to consolidate their positions following significant network investment

The Mexican market has witnessed a rapid transition to fiber over the last few years, led by market incumbent Telmex, as well as challengers Totalplay and Megacable. While Telmex still holds a sizable lead on its rivals in terms of market share of broadband connections, it is facing intense competitive pressure, with both Totalplay and Megacable seeing sustained increases in net additions, based on Speedtest samples.

Our analysis of Ookla Speedtest data reveals a marked transition, particularly among Totalplay’s customer base, towards adoption of higher speed tariffs in excess of 100 Mbps. We also see that fiber connections help deliver improved user experience for key use cases such as online gaming and video calling. However, Wi-Fi remains a bottleneck in the home, with a significant proportion of Mexican households still using legacy Wi-Fi customer premises equipment (CPE).

Key Takeaways

  • Positive net broadband additions for leading fiber ISPs. Totalplay and Megacable are consistently gaining customers, up 3.3% and 2.8% respectively, based on migration of Speedtest users between the ISPs in 1H 2025. Telmex followed with 1% growth, while izzi, which relies more on its older hybrid-fiber coax (HFC) network, has experienced significant user churn over the last several quarters.
  • Leading fiber ISPs are delivering superior speeds and quality of experience. While Telmex continues to lead the market based on broadband connections market share, its rivals outpace it on key performance indicators. Totalplay recorded a median download speed of 160.48 Mbps in 1H 2025, followed by Megacable with 94.08 Mbps, Telmex with 78.00 Mbps, and izzi with 74.50 Mbps. Greater adoption of faster fiber services among its customer base also helped drive leads for Totalplay on gaming latency, where it recorded a median of 66 ms, followed by Megacable with 77 ms, both ahead of Telmex with 82 ms.
  • Consumers are migrating to faster speed tiers, especially on networks supporting faster performance. In Chihuahua, over half of Totalplay’s customers (51.5%) receive speeds over 100 Mbps based on Speedtest data. The provider saw its share of users recording speeds in excess of 300 Mbps grow significantly, from 11.7% in Q3 2024 to 19.2% in Q2 2025. By contrast, Telmex and izzi had more than 70% of users recording less than 100 Mbps, of which, a majority experienced less than 50 Mbps.
  • The benefits of fast fiber are often limited by outdated in-home Wi-Fi CPE. Many users cannot achieve the full speed of their broadband plan because of their Wi-Fi routers. This issue is most pronounced for customers of izzi and Telmex; in Chihuahua, 56% of izzi customers and 46% of Telmex customers use Wi-Fi 4 or older, compared to just 33% for Totalplay.
  • Network quality directly impacts the experience of latency-sensitive applications like online gaming. Fiber providers hold a distinct advantage for gamers. Totalplay delivered the lowest gaming latency at 66 ms in Chihuahua, followed by Megacable with 77 ms, and Telmex with 82 ms. Izzi lagged behind with a median latency of 114 ms, due to reliance on its hybrid-fiber coaxial (HFC) network. For reference, NVIDIA recommends a latency to its data centers of less than 80 ms, for its cloud gaming service GeForce NOW.
  • Net promoter scores (NPS) are remarkably consistent across all major ISPs. For the lowest speed tier (0-50 Mbps), every provider recorded a deeply negative NPS, with an average of -41. In stark contrast, sentiment becomes strongly positive for the highest speed tiers. For customers on plans over 300 Mbps, NPS scores climb to +49 on average. This demonstrates that faster connectivity is not just a technical specification but a key driver of a more positive and valued customer experience.

Mexico lags regional peers in median download speeds

The Mexican broadband market remains heavily weighted towards former incumbent Telmex, which is nearing the end of a transition from DSL to fiber. GSMA Intelligence data shows that Telmex had a market share of broadband connections of just under 40% as of Q4 2024. Telmex competes against three other major ISPs with market shares of close to 20% each— Totalplay, a pure fiber ISP, Megacable, a cable ISP rapidly migrating its user base to fiber, and izzi, a cable ISP which continues to rely heavily on its HFC network.

Despite a relatively high market concentration, the Mexican fixed broadband market has undergone a rapid transformation, driven by aggressive investment in fiber optic infrastructure. Telmex has been central to this by migrating its user base from copper to fiber.  During its Q2 2025 results, Carlos García Moreno, financial director of América Móvil, said that 91% of Telmex users were on fiber, up from 67% just two years ago.

Competition has been fierce, with Megacable also expanding its fiber optic network, maintaining a capex-to-revenue ratio in excess of 30% in 2024, and while this has fallen in 2025, it still remains above 20%. Totalplay is in a similar position, spending in excess of 20% of revenues on capex during 2025, and while it is not focused on further geographic expansion, it continues to reinforce its lead on network speeds in the market, recently launching a symmetrical 10 Gbps rate plan complete with a Wi-Fi 7 CPE, taking advantage of the performance supported by the latest generation of Wi-Fi technologies.

This race to deploy fiber in the last mile in Mexico is helping drive faster median network speeds, however Mexico continues to lag behind many regional peers. It placed 68th globally on the Speedtest Global Index for August 2025, well behind Chile which placed 2nd, Peru in 20th, Brazil in 28th, Colombia in 30th, and Argentina in 56th.

A rising tide of fiber across Mexican cities

Across all ISPs combined, Mexican median download speeds increased by 18.78 Mbps year-on-year, to reach 91.55 Mbps in Q2 2025, fueled by the continued migration to fiber. Upload speeds increased at a faster rate, up 33.73 Mbps to reach 72.50 Mbps, thanks in part to Totalplay’s move to offer symmetrical speeds as covered in a previous Ookla Research article. With Mexican cities the focal point for fiber expansion in the market, we examined ISP performance across a selection of cities – Chihuahua, León, Mexico City, and Puebla, to show the impact of this fiber rollout:

  • Mexico City: Totalplay cemented its lead, with its median download speed increasing significantly from 120.18 Mbps in Q2 2024 to 198.62 Mbps in Q2 2025. Megacable also saw a significant jump to 96.28 Mbps, while Telmex and izzi posted more modest gains.
  • Chihuahua: Totalplay again demonstrated the most dramatic growth, with speeds increasing from 93.79 Mbps to 142.27 Mbps year-on-year, while Telmex and izzi also both made gains.
  • León: The trend continued, with Totalplay’s median speed rising to 138.16 Mbps and Megacable and Telmex both seeing year-on-year improvements.
  • Puebla: Totalplay again recorded the highest median download speed of any provider, reaching 163.79 Mbps in Q2 2025, while Megacable and Telmex both saw more modest improvements.

Median Download Speed by ISP, Select Mexican Cities
Speedtest Intelligence, Q2 2024 – Q2 2025, Mbps

Analysis of speed tiers shows user migration to faster rate plans

Part of the challenge for ISPs is convincing users to upgrade to faster broadband rate plans. Broadband price plans typically start at around 350-400 MXN per month (approximately USD $20), with both Telmex and Megacable offering the lowest priced packages for 50 Mbps, while izzi offers a 30 Mbps service at a similar price point. Totalplay on the other hand has sought to differentiate on performance, with its lowest tier at least double that of its rivals, at 100 Mbps, but for this it charges MXN 529 (closer to $30).

Chihuahua

Examining the spread of Speedtest samples across different speed brackets, shows that a much greater share of Totalplay (51.5%) customers in Chihuahua opt for faster connections (in excess of 100+ Mbps), compared to Megacable (30.2%), Telmex (27.4%), and izzi (21.6%).

There were only minor changes for both izzi and Telmex, based on Q3 2024 vs. Q2 2025 data. izzi shows a minor uptick in the share of users with speeds between 50-100 Mbps, at the expense of the higher speed tier of 100-300 Mbps. Telmex has a slightly more positive outcome, with a decline in its share of users with the slowest speeds (0-50 Mbps), coupled with a rise in those with speeds of 50-100 Mbps, reflecting its continued migration of users from copper to fiber. Totalplay and Megacable recorded more significant swings among their user bases. For Megacable, we saw a decline in users with speeds between 100-300 Mbps, while the share of users with 300+ Mbps, as well as 0-50 Mbps and 50-100 Mbps all increased. Totalplay saw the most positive outcome among the ISPs, with a just under 5% increase in users with speeds between 100-300 Mbps, while its share of users with speeds in excess of 300 Mbps ramped up strongly from 11.7% to 19.2%.

Chihuahua – sample share by speed tier
Speedtest Intelligence, Q3 2024 – Q2 2025, Mbps

León

For León, we compared Telmex, Megacable and Totalplay, but excluded izzi, which did not have sufficient samples to be included. Here we see better performance from Megacable, with 48.9% of its users recording speeds of 100 Mbps or greater in Q2 2025, and with its share of samples with speeds between 100-300 Mbps and in excess of 300 Mbps both picking up, largely at the expense of samples between 0-50 Mbps. Totalplay was a similar story – recording a sizeable decline in samples between 0-50 Mbps, and with both 100-300 Mbps and 300+ Mbps tiers seeing sample share grow strongly.

Telmex, while again exhibiting more marginal changes in its user’s distribution by speed tiers, did record a positive trend of a decline in samples between 0-50 Mbps, with users recording 50-100 Mbps, and 100-300 Mbps both increasing.

León – sample share by speed tier
Speedtest Intelligence, Q3 2024 – Q2 2025, Mbps

Legacy Wi-Fi remains a key limiting factor in the market

While many users subscribe to faster fiber rate plans, their real-world experience can be limited by another factor: the quality of their in-home Wi-Fi network. Data from Q2 2025 shows a significant number of users are still on legacy, slower Wi-Fi standards (Wi-Fi 4 and 5), which can prevent them from realizing the full benefit of fiber broadband performance.

This issue is more prevalent among Telmex and izzi customers. In Chihuahua, 56% of izzi customers and 46% of Telmex customers were using Wi-Fi 4 or worse, compared to just 33% for Totalplay and 38% for Megacable. Conversely, customers of Totalplay and Megacable have much greater access to more modern Wi-Fi CPE. 24% of Totalplay customers in Chihuahua used routers supporting Wi-Fi 6, 6E, or 7, compared to just 2% of izzi customers. A similar pattern is observed in León, where 26% of Totalplay customers utilize more modern Wi-Fi equipment, followed by Megacable with 22%, both far outpacing Telmex with just 6%.

Samples by Wi-Fi generation, Chihuahua and León
Speedtest data, 1H 2025

Advanced fiber providers offer QoE performance gains

For demanding applications like online gaming, raw speed is only part of the equation; low latency is paramount for a smooth, responsive experience. Here, the advantage of advanced fiber providers becomes even clearer.

Totalplay delivered the lowest gaming latency in both Chihuahua (66 ms) and León (81 ms), placing it a step ahead of its peers. Megacable also performed well with 77 ms and 91 ms, respectively. In contrast, izzi’s HFC network recorded significantly higher latency, measuring 114 ms in Chihuahua and 127 ms in León, a level that can negatively impact the gameplay for more immersive, latency sensitive games.

Game latency by ISP (ms), Chihuahua and León
Speedtest Intelligence, Q2 2025

This performance advantage extends to other real-time applications, such as video calling, which requires a low latency and jitter for a seamless experience. In Chihuahua, Totalplay consistently provided lower latency for video calls than its competitors in both Q3 2024 and Q2 2025, while both Megacable and Telmex recorded improvements of approximately 10ms. In León, the improvements were less pronounced, with Megacable and Totalplay recording similar latencies, while Telmex was marginally behind, but showing improvement.

Video calling latency by ISP (ms), Chihuahua and León
Speedtest Intelligence, Q3 2024 – Q2 2025

Market impact: performance driving customer acquisition

The superior network performance offered by leading ISPs has a direct and measurable impact on customer satisfaction, which in turn drives customer loyalty. When we analyze customer sentiment using Net Promoter Score (NPS), a clear and powerful trend emerges: customers on higher-speed tiers consistently report greater satisfaction.

This trend is remarkably consistent across all major ISPs. For the lowest speed tier (0-50 Mbps), every provider recorded a deeply negative NPS, with an average of -41. In stark contrast, sentiment becomes strongly positive for the highest speed tiers. For customers on plans over 300 Mbps, NPS scores climb +49 on average. This demonstrates that faster connectivity is not just a technical specification but a key driver of a more positive and valued customer experience.

Net Promoter Score (NPS) by speed tier
Speedtest data, Mexico (all providers combined, 1H 2025)

Ultimately, customer satisfaction—or lack thereof—is a strong predictor of customer loyalty. When this satisfaction data is viewed alongside customer migration patterns, the market dynamics become even clearer. Looking across the Mexican market, net flow analysis of Speedtest users between Q3 2023 and Q1 2025 shows a consistent pattern of customer churn away from izzi, which posted losses of 11.1%, 11.5%, and 10.2% across the three periods analyzed. Izzi, which has not pursued fiber in the same way as the three other ISPs, is clearly seeing customers opt for more advanced fiber alternatives in the market, with Megacable, Telmex, and Totalplay net recipients. Of the three predominantly fiber ISPs, Totalplay and Megacable consistently recorded net customer gains.

Net flow of Speedtest users, Mexico
Speedtest data, H1 2024 – H1 2025

Market outlook: pressure on ISPs to cater to demand for improved performance

The competitive landscape in Mexico’s fixed broadband market will continue to be defined by the performance of fiber networks. As fiber deployments continue to mature, ISPs will have to carefully manage their customer bases, looking to balance speed tier upgrades with consumer price elasticity. They should not ignore key quality of experience indicators, and other performance bottlenecks such as outdated Wi-Fi CPE, all of which can impact consumer sentiment, and churn. Addressing this challenge by pairing advanced fiber networks with modern Wi-Fi 6 or 7 CPE—as Totalplay has begun to do —will be critical for monetizing network investments and meeting the expectations of a consumer base that is actively migrating to faster, higher-quality service tiers.

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Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.