Tag: India

Ookla Research™ Articles
| November 15, 2023

Your Black Friday/Cyber Monday Guide to iPhone 15 and Samsung Galaxy Z Fold5 and Flip5 Performance

Devices

To upgrade or not to upgrade, with Black Friday and Cyber Monday deals on the latest iPhone and Samsung devices on the horizon you may be asking yourself just that question. We analyzed data from Speedtest Intelligence® in 13 major markets to see how well the Apple iPhone 15 devices and the Samsung Galaxy Z Fold5 and Flip5 models are performing in comparison to last year’s models over 5G to help you make an informed decision. For details on performance by Samsung Galaxy S23 models, read our analysis from earlier this year. We’re especially interested in seeing if technical improvements on iPhone 15 models including support for WiFi 6E drive better performance.

Data for iPhone models is provided for the period from September 22-October 20, 2023, while data for the Samsung models is for the period from August 11-October 20, 2023. Keep in mind that device data differs across markets due to a variety of factors, including: 5G investments by governments and mobile operators, different 5G spectrum allocations, and mobile 5G plans. As many of these devices are very new, the sample counts in some countries are still low so the statistical ranges of expected performance are wider for the newer devices than the older models.

Half of models surveyed worth the upgrade in Australia

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in Australia

In Australia, two out of four iPhone 15 models showed median 5G download speeds that were significantly faster than their iPhone 14 equivalents during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period. Speedtest Intelligence reveals the iPhone 15 Pro and the iPhone 15 Pro Max both had a 14% better download speed than their prior year counterparts. There was no statistical winner for the iPhone standard model or the iPhone Plus in Australia during this period.

The Galaxy Z Flip5 had a 30% better download speed than the Galaxy Z Flip4 during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period in Australia, while there was no statistical winner for the Galaxy Z Fold.

Recommendation: Depending on your model of choice, only half the devices surveyed merit an upgrade based on performance alone in Australia.

iPhones mostly worth the upgrade in Brazil

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in Brazil

Three out of four iPhone 15 models in Brazil showed median 5G download speeds that were significantly faster than their iPhone 14 equivalents during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period. Speedtest Intelligence showed the iPhone 15 had a better download speed than the iPhone 14, with the iPhone 15 Pro Max having a 8% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro Max, and the iPhone 15 Pro showing a 1% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro. There was no statistical winner for the iPhone Plus in Brazil during this period.

There was no statistical winner for 5G median download speed during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period for the Galaxy Z Flip or the Galaxy Z Fold in Brazil.

Recommendation: iPhone users in Brazil should consider an upgrade based on performance, while Samsung Galaxy fans only need to upgrade if they are looking for feature improvements.

All iPhones show improvement over prior models in Canada

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in Canada

All four iPhone 15 models in Canada showed median 5G download speeds that were significantly faster than their iPhone 14 equivalents during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period. Data from Speedtest Intelligence demonstrated the iPhone 15 had a better download speed than the iPhone 14, with the iPhone 15 Pro Max having a 26% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro Max, the iPhone 15 Pro Plus showed a 12% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro Plus, and the iPhone 15 Pro had an 8% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro.

The Galaxy Z Fold5 had a better download speed than the Galaxy Z Fold4 during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period in Canada, while there was no statistical winner for the Galaxy Z Flip.

Recommendation: iPhone users in Canada should consider an upgrade based on performance, while Samsung Galaxy fans should make a decision based on which model they’re considering.

Three iPhone models show decent improvement over prior versions in France

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in France

Three out of four iPhone 15 models in France showed median 5G download speeds that were significantly faster than their iPhone 14 equivalents during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period. Speedtest Intelligence reveals the iPhone 15 and the iPhone 15 Pro Max both had 18% better download speeds than their respective prior year models. The iPhone 15 Pro had a 5% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro. There was no statistical winner for the iPhone Plus in France during this period.

There was no statistical winner for 5G median download speed during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period for the Galaxy Z Flip or the Galaxy Z Fold in France.

Recommendation: iPhone users in France should consider an upgrade based on performance, and Samsung Galaxy users only need to upgrade if they are looking for feature improvements.

Galaxy Z Fold5 shows some improvements in Germany

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in Germany

Two out of four iPhone 15 models showed median 5G download speeds that were significantly faster than their iPhone 14 equivalents in Germany during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period. Speedtest Intelligence reveals slight improvements with the iPhone 15 Pro Max having a 6% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro Max and the iPhone 15 Pro having a 2% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro. There was no statistical winner for the iPhone standard model or the iPhone Plus in Germany during this period.

The Galaxy Z Fold5 had a 13% better download speed than the Galaxy Z Fold4 during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period in Germany, while there was no statistical winner for the Galaxy Z Flip.

Recommendation: Apple users won’t see major performance improvements from the new models, but the Galaxy Z Fold5 is worth the upgrade on performance alone.

India sees better performance on three iPhone models

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in India

Three out of four iPhone 15 models in India showed median 5G download speeds that were significantly faster than their iPhone 14 equivalents during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period. Speedtest Intelligence showed the iPhone 15, iPhone 15 Pro, and the iPhone 15 Plus had better speeds than their respective prior models. There was no statistical winner for the iPhone Pro Max in India during this period.

There was no statistical winner for 5G median download speed during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period for the Galaxy Z Flip or the Galaxy Z Fold in India.

Recommendation: Indian iPhone users should consider an upgrade based on performance, and Samsung Galaxy users only need to upgrade if they are looking for feature improvements.

No significant performance gains on new devices in the Philippines

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in the Philippines

Neither the iPhone 15 Pro nor the iPhone 15 Pro Max had a statistically better median download speed over 5G than their prior year models during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period in the Philippines. There were not enough samples to properly assess the performance of the other two iPhone models.

Likewise, there was no statistical winner for 5G median download speed during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period for the Galaxy Z Flip or the Galaxy Z Fold in the Philippines.

Recommendation: Filipino consumers looking to upgrade their phones to the latest models will have to look for reasons beyond performance.

Galaxy Z Fold5 sees performance improvement in South Korea

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in South Korea

Mobile speeds in South Korea are already fast with a top 10 performance on the Speedtest Global Index™ as of September 2023. New phones may not push performance boosts, though, as Speedtest Intelligence data did not show significant increases in median download speed over 5G for the iPhone 15 Pro or the iPhone 15 Pro Max in South Korea during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period. However, the iPhone 15 Pro Max had a 16% better upload speed than the iPhone 14 Pro Max. There were not enough samples to properly assess the performance of the other two iPhone models.

On the other hand, the Galaxy Z Fold5 had a 10% better download speed than the Galaxy Z Fold4 during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period in South Korea, while there was no statistical winner for the Galaxy Z Flip.

Recommendation: If South Korean consumers are looking for better performance, upgrading from the Galaxy Z Fold4 to the Galaxy Z Fold5 is worth looking into.

Spain sees major increases in iPhone speed

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in Spain

Three iPhone 15 models in Spain showed median 5G download speeds that were significantly faster than their iPhone 14 equivalents during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period, and the improvements in performance were mostly greater than we saw in other countries, with the exception of the United States. Speedtest Intelligence reveals the iPhone 15 Pro had a 40% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro, the iPhone 15 Pro Max had a 36% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro Max, and the iPhone 15 had an 11% better download speed than the iPhone 14. There were not enough samples to properly assess the performance of the iPhone Plus.

There were not enough samples to evaluate the Galaxy Z Flip or the Galaxy Z Fold during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period in Spain.

Recommendation: Spanish iPhone fans should definitely upgrade their devices while Samsung users can hold off for now.

Unbeatable performance in U.A.E. makes upgrades unnecessary

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in U.A.E.

While Speedtest Intelligence data did not show significant increases in median download speed over 5G for the iPhone 15 Pro or the iPhone 15 Pro Max during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period, performance likely isn’t a concern in the United Arab Emirates, whose blisteringly fast download speeds topped the Speedtest Global Index™ in September 2023. There were not enough samples to properly assess the performance of the other two iPhone models.

Similarly, there was no statistical winner for 5G median download speed during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period for the Galaxy Z Fold in the U.A.E., and there were not enough samples to evaluate the Galaxy Z Flip.

Recommendation: Consumers in the U.A.E. should upgrade if they are looking for the new features on the new phone models, but upgrades for performance are unnecessary.

iPhone upgrades are the way to go in the U.K.

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in the United Kingdom

All four iPhone 15 models in the United Kingdom showed median 5G download speeds that were significantly faster than their iPhone 14 equivalents during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period. Speedtest Intelligence reveals the iPhone 15 had a 16% better download speed than the iPhone 14, the iPhone 15 Pro had a 14% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro, iPhone 15 Pro Max had a 10% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro Max, and iPhone 15 Plus has a 4% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Plus. 

There was no statistical winner for 5G median download speed during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period for the Galaxy Z Flip or the Galaxy Z Fold in the U.K.

Recommendation: iPhone users in the U.K. should see performance improvements that make upgrading to the latest models worthwhile. Samsung Galaxy users only need to upgrade if they are looking for new features.

U.S. consumers see some of the highest improvements when upgrading to new iPhone models

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in United States

Not only did all four iPhone 15 models in the United States show median 5G download speeds that were significantly faster than their iPhone 14 equivalents during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period, the improvements in performance were greater than we saw in most other countries, with the exception of Spain. Speedtest Intelligence showed the iPhone 15 Plus had a 54% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Plus, the iPhone 15 had a 45% better download speed than the iPhone 14, iPhone 15 Pro Max had a 27% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro Max, and iPhone 15 Pro has a 25% better download speed than the iPhone 14 Pro. 

Samsung users also saw increased median download speeds over 5G when using the newer models during the August 11-October 20, 2023 period in the U.S. The Galaxy Z Flip5 had a 15% better download speed than the Galaxy Z Flip4, and the Galaxy Z Fold5 had a 10% better download speed than the Galaxy Z Fold4.

Recommendation: Upgrades for all this holiday season!

No performance boost on iPhone 15 Pro Max in Vietnam

Chart of New Device Performance on 5G in Vietnam

The iPhone 15 Pro Max did not have a statistically better median download speed over 5G than the iPhone 14 Pro Max during the September 22-October 20, 2023 period in Vietnam. There were not enough samples to properly assess the performance of the other three iPhone models. Likewise, there were not enough samples to evaluate the Galaxy Z Flip or the Galaxy Z Fold.

Recommendation: Vietnamese consumers don’t need to upgrade to newer models on performance alone.

Ookla will continue evaluating device performance

We’re excited by the number of countries where mobile device performance increased with the new models and even more excited by the countries where performance is so fast that consumers can look to new modes of connectivity. Even if your country didn’t see the speed boosts you were hoping for, don’t hold back on upgrading if you want to treat yourself or a loved one based on any other number of reasons. Remember to download the iOS or Android Speedtest® app on any new devices to make sure your mobile operator is delivering the speeds you expect.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

Devices

About the Author

Isla McKetta

Ookla Research™ Articles
| October 6, 2016

Can One Man Change the Internet on a Whole Subcontinent?

Global Speeds

Photo by Michael Faber, used with permission

Mukesh Ambani may have done just that. On September 5, his company, Reliance Jio, launched the world’s largest 4G LTE network in India. Over one billion people, 90% of India’s population, live in the coverage area for what is reported to receive LTE speeds that peak at 135 Mbps. For comparison, the average mobile internet download speed in the US is about 20 Mbps.

Jio’s 4G network reportedly cost $20 billion to build out, and the company is offering special introductory packages including free usage of the network through the end of 2016.

He built it, but did they come?

At least according to our Speedtest data, they sure did. And in droves.

India coverage map

What you’re looking at here is the number of tests taken by Jio users on 4G per month for the first nine months of 2016. The moment where the map is suddenly filled with green? That’s September.

For another way of looking at the data, below is a graph of the number of tests taken on 4G in all of India during 2016. The teal bar represents Jio customers.

The graph above reflects Jio’s launch strategy of releasing to employees and family in January 2016 and then following up with a soft launch three months later.

Is the connection as fast as promised?

It looks like mean download speeds for 4G capable phones actually decreased 23% month-over-month from 11.31 Mbps to 8.77 Mbps, continuing a downward trend for 2016.

One report suggests that the networks are already being “stretched to their breaking point” and facing bandwidth issues when accessing content from outside of India. That shouldn’t affect our data, though, as Speedtest data is gathered using in-country servers. For now it’s safe to say that 135 Mbps is an aspiration rather than a reality for the majority of Jio’s customers as even the top 10% of tests averaged out at 17.77 Mbps in September.

The global impact

One thing’s for certain, shifts in a market as large as India have the power to affect the market worldwide. With over one-sixth of the world’s population and a growing economy, India is a country worth watching. We can’t wait to see what Mukesh Ambani and Jio do next and how other carriers respond.

Wondering about interesting developments with internet speeds in your area? Take a Speedtest. You’ll get an accurate reflection of your individual speeds at that moment, and you’ll help us report what’s happening with internet speeds across the globe.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

Global Speeds

About the Author

Isla McKetta

Ookla Research™ Articles
| June 27, 2017

Which Airport Has the Fastest Internet in Asia?

Global Speeds

Travelers jetting off to Asia this summer will probably want to know whether you can connect to the internet upon landing and whether that internet is fast enough to help you nail down any final travel details before hitting the hotel and sleeping off the jet lag.

Using Speedtest data for March-May 2017, we analyzed the speeds of free airport Wi-Fi and local cellular signals at the busiest airports in Asia to see what your best options are and where you’re flat out of luck.

Fastest airport Wi-Fi

Dubai reigns when it comes to free airport Wi-Fi. In fact, this airport has the fastest Wi-Fi we’ve seen at any airport in Asia, Europe or Africa. And their average upload speed is even faster than their download. Travelers to second-place Seoul are also in excellent shape if they need to connect to the internet while in transit.

Tokyo, Delhi and Singapore have decently fast download speeds over airport Wi-Fi while Bangkok’s and Hong Kong’s are merely okay. Sadly, the rest of the airports offer painfully slow free Wi-Fi.

You might think airport Wi-Fi is similar to the average mobile Wi-Fi speeds of the country, but instead some of the fastest countries — Singapore (111.59 Mbps), Hong Kong (63.70 Mbps) and China (47.64 Mbps) — have poor to average airport Wi-Fi speeds. Though sitting near the top of the airport Wi-Fi pack, South Korea’s 66.67 Mbps, Japan’s 42.00 Mbps and Thailand’s 30.48 Mbps country averages show the Wi-Fi at their premier airports could be a lot faster. India’s average download speed (12.39 Mbps) is right in line with the Wi-Fi at Indira Gandhi International Airport.

On the other end of the spectrum, the United Arab Emirates has clearly prioritized airport Wi-Fi because the Wi-Fi download speed at Dubai International is nearly double the country average of 22.12 Mbps.

Fastest airport cell

In countries including China and India, you can’t connect to the free airport Wi-Fi without an in-country mobile number, so we checked Speedtest results for users on cell networks as well.

The average mobile download speed at Singapore’s Changi Airport is nearly as fast as the country’s average of 46.12 Mbps. Considering Singapore ranks second fastest in the world for mobile downloads, that’s a hard speed to beat. Dubai also has wonderfully fast speeds, and they beat the country average of 29.81 Mbps.

East Asia’s airports form a strong middle of the pack with cellular download speeds ranging from 18.18 Mbps in Bangkok to 27.12 in Guangzhou. These are comparable to the country average mobile download speeds of 33.63 Mbps for China, 19.70 Mbps for Hong Kong, 18.48 for Japan, and 14.58 for Thailand. Flyers at Delhi’s Indira Gandhi Airport, though, will be sorely disappointed with the 5.85 Mbps on offer. But that’s only slightly slower than India’s 7.62 Mbps mobile download average.

Wi-Fi or cell?

If you’ve already nailed down your international SIM card options, you’re going to have a lot better luck in many parts of Asia on a cellular signal than you would using the free airport Wi-Fi.

Of course you’re in good shape either way in Dubai, Seoul’s Wi-Fi download speed is slightly faster than that on cell, and in India you’ll definitely want to use the airport Wi-Fi if you can access it. Everywhere else the local cell performance puts airport Wi-Fi to shame.

Regional trends

Southeast Asia

If you’re jet-setting through Southeast Asia, count on any time spent in the Singapore Airport for your internet needs and plan to enjoy a more disconnected experience in India and Thailand, especially if you don’t have an Indian phone number and have to rely on cell service at the Delhi airport.

East Asia

As mentioned above, all the airports we analyzed in China, Japan and Korea had strong cellular speeds. Tokyo’s Haneda Airport and Seoul’s Incheon Airport also had good download speeds over their free airport Wi-Fi networks. China’s free airport Wi-Fi, on the other hand, is varying degrees of slow.

China

Within China, Hong Kong has the fastest free airport Wi-Fi, but you will be much better off with cellular networks at any of the airports we surveyed in China. Guangzhou has the fastest average download on cell while Hong Kong is the slowest, but with averages between 22 Mbps and 28 Mbps, you should be just fine.

Watch this space for upcoming articles comparing Wi-Fi and cellular speeds at airports across the globe. Until then, if you think your local airport is over- (or under-) rated, take a Speedtest on Android or iOS and show us what you’re experiencing.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

Global Speeds

About the Author

Isla McKetta

Ookla Research™ Articles
| May 2, 2018

The American Globetrotter's Guide to Roaming Speeds

Global Speeds

Mobile roaming has come a long way from the days when I spent most of my tour of China touring hotel lobbies desperately hoping to connect my U.S. flip phone to the Wi-Fi. Not only can you actually get a signal in most countries these days, some carriers offer special packages for the jet set so you don’t have to pay extra for roaming calls and data.

But how are the speeds?

Using Q1 2018 Speedtest® data, we’re here to report on mobile roaming speeds for U.S. consumers in 15 popular destinations, including which carriers are fastest where. For overall speeds we look at data from all devices and when we analyze carriers we look only at data for modern (LTE-capable) devices.

Where roaming speeds will (and will not) let you down

Get thee to Canada! Our analysis of roaming Speedtest results found that U.S. customers in Canada saw a mean download speed of 42.03 Mbps during Q1 2018. That’s not quite as fast as the 45.28 Mbps Canadians receive on their home mobile networks, but it beats the 27.08 Mbps average in the U.S.

Roaming Speeds for U.S. Customers Abroad
Q1 2018
Country Download (Mbps) Upload (Mbps)
Canada 42.03 13.50
South Korea 21.81 8.60
Mexico 18.02 10.18
Spain 13.23 7.09
Italy 12.70 6.38
France 12.48 5.45
Australia 11.84 6.96
Japan 10.91 4.79
United Kingdom 10.40 5.68
Germany 9.02 4.03
Costa Rica 7.72 4.11
China 7.05 3.91
Dominican Republic 5.75 3.58
India 2.96 1.96
The Bahamas 1.70 2.99

Second place South Korea showed roaming speeds for U.S. travelers about half as fast as those in Canada. Mexico was third fastest. The middle tier of the roaming speed ranking is taken up mostly by western European countries (with Japan and Australia to break up the pack).

At the bottom of the spectrum, Bahamian roaming speeds are painfully slow. They aren’t much better in India or the Dominican Republic.

A lot of factors go into the roaming speeds you’ll experience abroad, including how carriers prioritize out of country traffic, something that’s decided between each individual carrier in each individual country.

How does your carrier stack up?

Your roaming experience on your next trip is going to depend a lot on which carrier you have, so we broke our roaming speed analysis of Speedtest results on modern devices down to the carrier level.

US Carrier Speeds While Roaming Abroad
Q1 2018 | Mean Download (Mbps)
Country AT&T Sprint T-Mobile Verizon Wireless
Australia 21.24 N/A 2.14 22.14
Canada 26.53 27.65 53.56 43.22
China 17.23 4.77 1.15 13.15
Costa Rica 13.67 N/A 0.70 14.86
Dominican Republic 11.00 N/A 0.57 7.68
France 22.72 N/A 1.96 26.30
Germany 20.55 N/A 1.86 20.58
India 4.92 1.70 0.79 7.13
Italy 24.05 N/A 1.99 25.19
Japan 18.22 24.79 1.40 11.46
Mexico 19.95 9.66 17.22 22.35
South Korea 27.97 17.49 21.67 N/A
Spain 29.27 N/A 1.18 24.82
The Bahamas 1.79 N/A 0.25 3.53
United Kingdom 19.87 9.07 1.74 16.61

From the above, it looks like there’s no one right answer for the fastest roaming carrier. And there are other things to consider when roaming, too, like does your carrier offer a special plan that includes free roaming or are you paying through the nose.

It’s important to remember that roaming comes at a cost to carriers, which means that if your carrier includes free or low-cost roaming on almost all types of plans, the trade-off might be that you get slower speeds than you would with another carrier.

So if speed is your primary criterion, there are two standouts on this list. Verizon wins eight of the 15 countries we analyzed and AT&T wins six. T-Mobile and Sprint each win one country. We excluded Sprint from the running in eight countries because of a low number of test results.

Are you roaming (for business or pleasure) this summer? Take a Speedtest on Android or iOS to show us how fast (or slow) your connection is.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

Global Speeds

About the Author

Isla McKetta

Ookla Research™ Articles
| December 10, 2018

The World’s Internet in 2018: Faster, Modernizing and Always On

Global Speeds

When it comes to the internet, the news is mostly good for 2018. Download and upload speeds are increasing across the globe on both mobile and fixed broadband. 5G is on the horizon and gigabit service is expanding.

We looked at data from Speedtest IntelligenceTM, Ookla’s flagship data platform, from December 2017 through November 2018, to analyze everything from global internet speeds to the world’s fastest countries to when people are online. We also investigated which parts of the world are seeing the most benefit from high speed LTE on mobile and gigabit speeds on fixed broadband.

Mobile speeds increased more than 15% in 2018

Graphic-Tables-Final-v2_mobile-average-speed-3

The world’s average mobile download speed of 22.82 Mbps increased 15.2% over the past year, while mobile upload speed increased 11.6% to reach 9.19 Mbps.

Graphic-Tables-Final-v2_android-vs-ios-1

With a mean download speed of 27.84 Mbps and a mean upload of 10.61 Mbps, worldwide speeds on iOS devices were faster than those on Android (21.35 Mbps download, 8.73 Mbps upload) in 2018. This is likely due to market factors as Android devices are more popular in emerging markets where internet speeds tend to be slower.

However, download speed on Android devices increased 19.0% and upload speed increased 15.1%, more than those on iOS (18.0% increase for download and 11.1% increase for upload), which is good news for those emerging markets.

Fixed broadband speeds increased more than 26% in 2018

Graphic-Tables-Final-v2_fixed-average

On a global level, fixed broadband speeds were nearly twice as fast as those on mobile in 2018. The world’s average download speed on fixed broadband was 46.12 Mbps, 26.4% faster than last year. Upload speed increased 26.5% to 22.44 Mbps.

All said, though, both mobile and fixed broadband speeds increased at a slower rate in 2018 than they did in 2017.

Countries with the fastest internet in 2018

Graphic-Tables-Final-v2_top-5-mobile

The countries with the fastest mean download speeds over mobile in the past 12 months were: Norway (63.19 Mbps), Iceland (58.68 Mbps), Qatar (55.17 Mbps), Singapore (54.71 Mbps) and the Netherlands (53.42 Mbps).

Graphic-Tables-Final-v2_top-5-fixed

Singapore showed the world’s fastest mean download speeds over fixed broadband during the past twelve months at 175.13 Mbps. Next fastest were Iceland (153.03 Mbps), Hong Kong (138.31 Mbps), South Korea (114.67 Mbps) and Romania (109.90 Mbps).

To keep up with month-to-month internet speeds at a global level, visit the Speedtest Global Index.

Most improved countries for 2018 internet speeds

Graphic-Tables-Final-v2_most-improved-mobile

Costa Rica saw the largest increase in mobile download speed over the past year at 194.6%. Myanmar was second with 121.8%, Saudi Arabia third (113.2%), Iraq fourth (92.3%) and the Ukraine fifth (82.1%).

The countries with the largest improvements in upload speeds were Bangladesh (179.2%), the Ukraine (172.5%), Costa Rica (163.4%), Myanmar (146.9%) and Iraq (126.7%).

Graphic-Tables-Final-v2_most-improved-fixed

Paraguay saw the biggest increase in mean download speed over fixed broadband in the world over the past year at 268.6%. Guyana was second with 113.5%, Libya third (108.0%), Malaysia fourth (89.5%) and Laos fifth (76.2%).

Libya showed the most improvement in mean upload speed over fixed broadband during the past twelve months at 176.4%. Guyana was second with 116.1%, Malaysia third (95.2%), Belize fourth (88.9%) and Iraq fifth (76.8%).

4G is increasing mobile speeds

2017-2018-LTE-growth

When we looked specifically at Speedtest results on 4G, we saw that mean download speeds increased in most countries. Costa Rica was most improved for 4G download speed as was the case with overall download speed on mobile increasing 184.3% year over year. Saudi Arabia was second at 110.2% and Myanmar third at 78.0%.

Most encouragingly, we saw the number of Speedtest results over 4G increase in all but 15 countries. This could indicate that 4G availability is expanding. Tanzania saw the greatest increase with 355.0% more tests over 4G in 2018 than in 2017. Malta was second at 267.2% and Algeria third at 143.7%. We can see this expansion on the map above as 4G results fill in areas of the globe that were previously blank.

Gigabit coverage is expanding globally

gigabit-fade-1

Gigabit is in the news as ISPs across the globe expand their high-speed networks. We looked at Speedtest results on fixed broadband in excess of 750 Mbps to see which cities are benefitting most. Comparing locations with 100 or more gigabit-speed results in 2017 with those in 2018, that expansion becomes obvious. In 2017, 60 countries met our gigabit test threshold. In 2018, 16 additional countries joined our gigabit list. We’re also seeing that more cities around the world now have access to gigabit speeds.

Also exciting is that cities which already had gigabit in 2017 saw increases in the number of gigabit-speed results in 2018 as ISPs continue to build out infrastructure across cities. Many cities saw their first real gigabit expansion in 2018. For example, we saw the number of gigabit tests in New Delhi increase from 119 gigabit speed results in 2017 to 20,239 in 2018, that’s a mind-boggling 16,908% increase. Chennai, India saw a 7,481% increase (from 763 to 57,840) and Cormeilles-en-Parisis, France jumped 6,480%. Huge leaps in the number of gigabit-speed results were also seen in Gdańsk, Poland (6,338%); Rome, Italy (4,909%); Lancashire, United Kingdom (3,962%); Ota, Japan (3,240%); São Paulo, Brazil (2,947%); Hangzhou, China (2,669%) and Turda, Romania (2,636%).

When people are online

point-3-sec-final-1

The internet is always on, but we were surprised to see how consistently and steeply usage fell off on both mobile and fixed broadband after 9 pm local time. Normalizing the time of day for Speedtest results from around the globe, we found that usage bottoms out at 4 am and then climbs steeply again until 10 am. From there, the internet gets gradually busier until that night time drop off.

Internet in the world’s largest countries

The world’s five most populous countries are notably absent from the lists of fastest and most improved countries on mobile and fixed broadband. China, India, the U.S., Indonesia and Brazil represent about 46% of the world’s population, which makes their internet speeds worth noting nonetheless.

Internet Speeds in the World’s Largest Countries
Speedtest Data | December 2017-November 2018
Country Mean Mobile Download Speed (Mbps) % Improvement in Mobile Speed Mean Fixed Download Speed (Mbps) % Improvement in Fixed Speed
China 30.96 -5.8% 76.03 42.5%
India 9.11 15.2% 23.00 50.4%
United States 28.50 22.3% 92.77 37.3%
Indonesia 10.39 5.3% 14.89 18.3%
Brazil 18.65 29.3% 22.95 39.4%

Mobile internet speeds in the world’s largest countries

China had the fastest average mobile download speed among the world’s most populous countries in the past twelve months. However, China’s mobile download speed decreased during that time. The United States is fast catching up with China on mobile download speed.

Brazil occupied a middle ground for mobile download speed among the world’s most populous countries and showed the fastest rate of increase. India and Indonesia were at the bottom of this list. While the two nations show similar mobile download speeds to each other, India’s mobile download speed is improving much more quickly than Indonesia’s.

Fixed broadband speeds in the largest countries in the world

The United States showed the fastest fixed broadband download speed among the world’s most populous countries over the past year. China was second, India and Brazil nearly tie for third and Indonesia follows.

India showed the largest improvement in mean download speed over fixed broadband of the world’s five largest countries. China was second, Brazil third, the U.S. fourth and Indonesia fifth.

We’ll be back throughout 2019 to report on the state of the world’s internet as it evolves. Until then, take a Speedtest to find out how your network compares.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

Global Speeds

About the Author

Isla McKetta

Ookla Research™ Articles
| September 4, 2019

In-Depth Analysis of Changes in World Internet Performance Using the Speedtest Global Index

Global Speeds

A lot has changed in the two years since 2017 when we first began ranking mobile and fixed broadband speeds of countries around the world with the Speedtest Global IndexTM. 5G is being deployed around the world and fiber continues to make gigabit speeds a reality in more and more countries. We’ve been tracking it all and are here to report on how much speeds have increased, which countries are leading internet performance and which are falling behind, and what trends we see across continents.

World mobile speed increased 21.4% with fixed broadband up 37.4%

World-Download-Speeds-2019-OG2

Looking just at the last year, the world’s mean download speed over mobile increased 21.4% from 22.81 Mbps in July 2018 to 27.69 Mbps in July 2019. Mean upload speed over mobile increased 18.1% from 9.13 Mbps to 10.78 Mbps. The world average for download speed over fixed broadband increased 37.4% from 46.48 Mbps in July 2018 to 63.85 Mbps in July 2019. Mean upload speed over fixed broadband increased 48.9% from 22.52 Mbps to 33.53 Mbps.

Shake-ups in the country rankings for internet performance

Fastest-Countries-Mobile-2018-2019

Mobile speeds in the fastest countries have skyrocketed in the past year which has dramatically shifted the rankings. South Korea, which was not even in the top ten a year ago, saw a 165.9% increase in mean download speed over mobile during the past 12 months, in large part due to 5G. Switzerland’s mean download speed increased 23.5%. Canada’s was up 22.2%, Australia 21.2%, the Netherlands 17.3%, UAE 11.1%, Malta 10.3% and Norway 5.8%. Qatar remained in the top ten, although the country’s mean download speed over mobile actually dropped 1.4% from July 2018 to July 2019.

Individual mobile operators can make a huge difference in a country’s speeds. In 2017 we were excited to see Telenor uncap their mobile speeds, which drove Norway to the top of the Speedtest Global Index. A big part of South Korea’s mobile success in the past year is the way KT, LG U+ and SK Telecom banded together to release 5G at the same time. Switzerland has also benefited from 5G and Sunrise leads the country with 262 5G deployments across the country while Swisscomm has 52.

Fastest-Countries-Fixed-2018-2019

Fixed broadband rankings on the Speedtest Global Index have not changed as dramatically during the past 12 months as those on mobile. Singapore remains the fastest country with an increase in mean download speed over fixed broadband of 5.6%. Taiwan had the largest jump in speeds among the top 10 with a 166.5% improvement in fixed download speed between July 2018 and July 2019. Mean download speed over fixed broadband increased 52.4% in South Korea, 26.4% in Macau, 21.7% in Romania, 21.0% in Switzerland, 19.3% in the United States and 3.5% in Hong Kong.

Monaco and Andorra did not have enough tests to qualify for the Speedtest Global Index one year ago, but massive fixed broadband improvements in both countries inspired us to lower our test count threshold for inclusion and also share these smaller countries’ success stories.

Technologies paving the way: 5G and gigabit

The presence of 5G is not enough to change a market

As discussed above, 5G has the potential to rocket a country to the top of the mobile rankings on the Speedtest Global Index. In practice, we’ve seen 5G speeds that were over 1000% faster than those on LTE.

Mobile-Download-Speeds-by-Country

In reality, though, unless 5G is commercially available widely across a country and from all mobile operators (as was the case in South Korea), the change in speeds at the country level is not that significant. Though commercial 5G was launched widely across Switzerland by Sunrise and Swisscom in April 2019, the country’s mean download speed only increased 2.8% in the three months since. The average mobile download speed in the U.S. has actually declined slightly since 5G was initially deployed. This is because 5G is still only available in a very limited number of markets to consumers with 5G-capable devices.

Visit the Ookla 5G Map for the latest on 5G deployments across the globe.

Gigabit is a game-changer, if you can get it

Unlike 5G, fiber connections have been rolling out since 2007, opening up the possibility of gigabit-speed fixed broadband. That said, it’s costly and time-intensive to lay miles and miles of fiber so progress has varied widely across the globe.

Gigabit-Test---Performance_Singapore-1

Geographically small countries like Singapore have the advantage when it comes to fiber, because It’s easier and cheaper to lay fiber optic cable across the country’s small footprint. Singaporean internet service providers (ISPs) have used this advantage to go beyond mere gigabit and offer connections as fast as 10 Gbps. This is reflected both in Singapore’s dominance of the fixed rankings on the Speedtest Global Index and in the fact that 2.87% of their total Speedtest results over fixed broadband are gigabit-speed (800 Mbps or higher).

Gigabit-Test---Performance_Brazil-1

Brazil offers a good contrast for how difficult it can be for gigabit to reach the masses. While the first Brazilian ISP to offer fiber-to-the-premises (FTTP) initially did so in 2007, easy access to gigabit speeds was slow to follow. However, that may be starting to change. Between June and July 2019 we saw a large uptick in gigabit-speed results in Brazil, where the proportion of gigabit speed tests increased from 0.02% of total fixed broadband tests to 0.17%. This corresponded with a large increase in mean download speed at the country level.

Comparing world mobile and fixed broadband at a glance

We were curious to see just how different internet performance experiences were around the world, so we plotted average mobile download speed against average download speed on fixed broadband. All of the graphs below use a percentage difference from the global average, a number that changed between 2018 and 2019.

fade-Performance-vs-Global---Quadrant-All

Speed Leaders

There was not much change in the list of countries that showed above-average download speeds on both mobile and fixed broadband between July 2018 and July 2019, the “Speed Leaders.” What did change was that fixed broadband speeds increased significantly enough among the group to bring the whole pack closer to Singapore and Hong Kong. On the mobile axis, South Korea’s major increase in download speed made that country more of an outlier, pushing the boundaries of what great performance can look like.

Fixed-Focused countries

Between July 2018 and July 2019 we saw the number of countries considered to be “Fixed-Focused” (having faster download speeds over fixed broadband than the world average while their average mobile download speeds were slower than average) increase. Ireland was the only country that solidly fit this category in 2018. Thailand and Chile started near the midline for fixed speeds and below-average for mobile speeds in 2018. 2019 found both countries squarely in the Fixed-Focused category. Israel also edged into this category as their mobile download speed fell between July 2018 and 2019.

Mobile-Focused countries

The “Mobile-Focused” category saw the most movement between July 2018 and July 2019 as some countries (the UAE and Qatar) increased their fixed speeds sufficiently to join the Speed Leaders. Meanwhile, Bosnia and Herzegovina’s mobile download speed increased year-over-year to move them into the Mobile-Focused quadrant. Georgia’s mobile download speed decreased enough to move them from Mobile-Focused to Speed Laggers.

It will be interesting to see how many of these Mobile-Focused countries double down on their mobile investments and explore 5G alternatives to fixed broadband.

Speed Laggers

No country wants to be in the position of having slower than average mobile and fixed broadband speeds. We saw 57 countries in this “Speed Laggers” quadrant in July 2018 and 78 in July 2019. This increase is mostly due to our expansion of the number of countries we consider for the Speedtest Global Index based on test count. There were enough countries in this category that we’ve considered them separately by continent below.

Regional views of mobile and fixed broadband performance

Mobile-and-Fixed-Broadband-Improvement-by-Continent-02

We aggregated Speedtest results by continent to analyze mobile and fixed broadband performance by continent.

Mobile-and-Fixed-Performance-by-Continent-01

Asia had the highest percentage increase in mobile download speed followed by North America, Oceania, South America, Africa and Europe. Oceania had the fastest mean download speed in July 2019. North America placed second, Europe third, Asia fourth, South America fifth and Africa sixth.

On the fixed broadband side, South America saw the highest percentage increase in download speed. Asia came in second, Europe third, Africa fourth, North America fifth and Oceania sixth. North America had the fastest mean download speed in July 2019. Europe was second, Asia third, and Oceania fourth. As we saw with mobile, South America and Africa again ranked fifth and sixth, respectively.

A zoomed-in view of the speed quadrants separated by continent offers a more detailed view of each country’s role in these rankings.

Africa mostly lags in internet speeds

2019-Performance-vs-Global---Africa

In July 2019, all but two African countries in the Speedtest Global Index fell into the Speed Laggers category, having mobile and fixed broadband speeds that were below global averages. The exceptions were South Africa and Guinea, which both had fast enough mobile speeds to place them in the mobile-focused quadrant.

Asian markets show a wide breadth of internet performance

2019-Performance-vs-Global---Asia

Asia was the most diverse continent we examined in terms of internet performance. We saw a plurality of countries in each of the four quadrants in July 2019. Most of the Speed Leaders were in East Asia: China, Hong Kong (SAR), Japan, Macau (SAR), South Korea, and Taiwan. If we include Singapore, another Speed Leader, these are among the wealthiest nations in Asia (using GDP per capita). Two of Asia’s Fixed-Focused countries are in Southeast Asia (Malaysia and Thailand) and one is in the Middle East (Israel).

The Speed Laggers category contained countries from South Asia (including Afghanistan, India and Pakistan), Southeast Asia (Brunei, Cambodia, the Philippines and Vietnam) and the Middle East (Jordan). Mobile-Focused countries in Asia were mostly Middle Eastern, including Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Saudi Arabia and Turkey.

European mobile performance is mostly strong, fixed varies

2019-Performance-vs-Global---Europe

With the exception of Ireland, the European countries on the Speedtest Global Index fell into the Speed Leaders, Mobile-Focused, and Speed Laggers categories. All of the Speed Laggers (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia and the Ukraine) were from Eastern Europe. Countries from Southeast Europe (including Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, Moldova, Serbia and Slovenia) and Central Europe (Austria and the Czech Republic) made up the bulk of the Mobile-Focused category.

Speed Leaders included countries from the Baltics (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania), the Nordics (Denmark, Norway and Sweden), Central Europe (Poland and Romania), and Western Europe (including Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Spain).

North American internet performance is sharply divided

2019-Performance-vs-Global---North-America

Canada and the U.S. are the only two North American countries in the Speed Leaders category. Panama is the only North American country under Fixed-Focused. Mexico and all of the Central American countries fall into the Speed Laggers category. There are no North American countries that are Mobile-Focused.

Each country in Oceania has a very different internet story

2019-Performance-vs-Global---Ocean

Oceania is represented in three of the four quadrants: Speed Leaders (New Zealand), Mobile-Focused (Australia) and Speed Laggers (Papua New Guinea) with Fiji straddling the divide between Speed Laggers and Mobile-Focused.

South America mostly lags in mobile and fixed internet speeds

2019-Performance-vs-Global---South-America

Most of the South American countries represented on the Speedtest Global Index are in the Speed Laggers quadrant (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela). Chile is an exception, being part of the Fixed-Focused group, as is Uruguay which sits in Mobile-Focused.

Global internet speeds are improving on average and 5G and gigabit are compounding those advances where available. However, not all countries are benefitting equally. We’ll be interested to see how 5G continues to push mobile speeds in the next year and also whether 5G Wi-Fi becomes a game changer for fixed broadband. Remember to check the Speedtest Global Index on a monthly basis for updated country rankings. And take a Speedtest to make sure your experience is represented in your country’s averages.

Editor’s Note: This article was edited on September 10, 2019 to correct an error in the labeling on the first image. The colors in a later image were updated for consistency.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

Global Speeds

About the Author

Isla McKetta

Ookla Research™ Articles
| March 13, 2020

Tracking COVID-19’s Impact on Global Internet Performance (Updated July 20)

Global Speeds

We are no longer updating this article as internet speeds in most countries have stabilized to pre-pandemic levels. For ongoing information about internet speeds in specific countries, visit the Speedtest Global IndexTM or contact our press team.

Ookla® closely monitored the impact of COVID-19 on the performance and quality of global mobile and broadband internet networks in the early days of the pandemic. We shared regular information based on Ookla data to assist in the understanding of this unprecedented situation. You can still download the July 20, 2020 CSV here which contains all the public data we tracked in this article. If you are looking for information on internet or online service outages, please check Downdetector®.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

Global Speeds
Ookla for Good
coronavirus

About the Author

Ookla

Ookla Research™ Articles
| January 12, 2021

2020 Recap: How the Internet Held Up During a Global Pandemic

Global Speeds


There was major concern last year that the internet might fail under the pressure of increased use as COVID-19 drove unparalleled waves of remote work and schooling. We watched internet performance carefully using data from Speedtest Intelligence® as conditions changed in different areas of the world. Now we’re back to assess what happened during the year as a whole.

A note on the methodology: 5G launches drove up mean internet speeds on mobile in many countries. For this reason we’ve simplified our view to include only median speeds, which are less subject to being skewed by especially fast 5G tests.

Mobile speeds dipped in many G20 countries in the spring of 2020

Mobile-Broadband-Speeds-in-G20-Countries_0121

Median download speeds over mobile in many G20 countries dropped at some point during 2020. Countries that saw month-to-month declines during the spring include: Australia, Canada, France, India, Italy, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Spain and Turkey. China saw a decline in mobile speed in February while Japan suffered a drop in June and July. Argentina, Brazil, Indonesia, Russia and the United Kingdom showed only very minor decreases, while speeds in Germany, Mexico, South Africa and the United States remained unchanged or increased.

Despite the drops, almost all G20 countries saw higher median download speeds over mobile in December 2020 than they had in January 2020. Median download speed over mobile increased 76.3% in China during that time. Germany saw a 62.8% increase, the United States 56.9%, South Korea 55.5% and Saudi Arabia 48%. Turkey saw a 0.7% decrease in median download speed over mobile during the same period.

Despite interim dips, fixed broadband improved in all G20 countries during 2020

Fixed-Broadband-Speeds-in-G20-Countries_0121

There were notable dips in median download speeds over fixed broadband in many countries during the spring of 2020. G20 countries that saw these declines on a monthly basis include: Argentina, Canada, France, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Spain, Turkey and the United States. Brazil, China, Germany and Russia notably showed only increases in month-to-month median download speed over fixed broadband during this time. Other countries showed only very minor decreases.

Perhaps most important, all G20 countries saw higher median download speeds over fixed broadband in December 2020 than they had in January 2020. Median download speed over fixed broadband increased 51.9% in Brazil during that time. France saw a 48.3% increase, Japan 46.5%, Saudi Arabia 43.7% and South Africa 40%. South Korea saw the smallest increase in median download speed over fixed broadband over the same period at 8.1%.

We are impressed, on the whole, with how well the internet held up to the massive scale of increased use during the past year. Of course, month-by-month, country-level views are averages that might not reveal problems with specific mobile operators or internet service providers on individual days. If you want to assess how your internet connection is performing right now, take a Speedtest®. And if you are unable to connect to a specific service on the internet, check Downdetector® to see the status of that service.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

Global Speeds

About the Author

Isla McKetta

Ookla Research™ Articles
| March 10, 2021

India’s Internet Speeds Improve, But 5G Can’t Come Fast Enough

Global Speeds


India has seen strong internet speed increases during a year when internet access has been crucial. 4G expansions are leading to mobile speed improvements, while fiber rollouts are driving jumps in fixed broadband speeds. Today we’re looking closely at how India’s improvements compare to other countries in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). We have also paired the internet speed performance of India’s top internet providers with data on consumer sentiment to shed light on how consumers view their operators.

India’s fixed broadband is fast for SAARC countries (and getting faster)

Mean-Fixed-Broadband-Speeds_SAARC_0321

India started 2020 with the fastest mean download speed over fixed broadband among SAARC countries, and strong improvements in India from Q2 2020 onward only widened the gap. India’s government has been instrumental in these improvements with both Digital India and the Smart Cities Mission.

A jump in fixed broadband download speed in Bangladesh brought the country to second by the end of the year, while a decline in speeds put Sri Lanka in third place. Afghanistan had the lowest mean download speed over fixed broadband among SAARC countries during 2020.

Despite increases, Indian mobile speeds lag among SAARC countries

Mean-Mobile-Speeds_SAARC_0321

The Maldives, the only SAARC country with active 5G during 2020, was the fastest for mean download speed over mobile throughout 2020. Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bhutan were very closely grouped for second, third, fourth and fifth fastest during Q4 2020. Afghanistan had the slowest mean download speed over mobile among SAARC countries throughout 2020. Bangladesh was second slowest and India third. According to the Ookla 5G Map™, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka each have at least one location where 5G is available, but only in pre-release.

Jio had the fastest fixed broadband, highest ratings by customers

Speedtest® Consumer Sentiment data is gathered from single-question surveys presented to users at the end of a Speedtest. This data set provides rich insights into customer satisfaction over time, as well as competitive benchmarking, by providing data on both customers’ overall satisfaction with their network providers (based on a five-star scale) and Net Promoter Score (NPS). Operators and government regulators across the globe use this data to monitor improvements over time. By comparing Q4 2020 ratings data from India’s top providers with their speeds during the same period, we can explore the relationship between customer satisfaction and network performance.

Mean-Fixed-Speeds_India_0321

Jio had the fastest mean download speed over fixed broadband among India’s top providers during Q4 2020. Jio also had the highest rating at 3.7 stars and the only positive NPS. ACT was second for download speed over fixed broadband, Airtel third and Excitel fourth. ACT and Excitel had the same star rating, while ACT had a higher NPS. Airtel had the third highest NPS.

BSNL had the slowest mean download speed over fixed broadband during the same period, although Hathway had the lowest rating and the lowest NPS. Note that the confidence intervals are narrow enough that they are obscured in the above chart and the one below.

Jio along with BSNL and Airtel offers fixed-line broadband service at Pan-India level. ACT, Excitel and Hathway are fixed broadband ISPs which offer services in a few key Indian cities and metros.

Vi India is fastest for mobile

Mean-Mobile-Speeds_India_0321

Vi India had the fastest mean mobile download speed during Q4 2020 as it increased its download speed performance lead over Airtel from Q3. This confirms that Vi India is continuing to provide its users with a better network speed experience than its rivals. In Consumer Sentiment ratings, Vi tied with Airtel.

Airtel had the second-fastest mean download speed. Jio came in third place for performance, ratings and NPS. Vi led Airtel and Jio on NPS, but none of the providers’ scores were positive, indicating that customers were not likely to recommend any of the providers.

How Indian operators are approaching 5G

While 5G still isn’t commercialized in India, Airtel’s commercial 5G network is ready to roll out services once spectrum is allocated in late 2021 or early 2022. On January 28, 2021, Airtel successfully conducted a 5G trial in the Hyderabad region using Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) on a 1800 MHz spectrum band. This demonstration was made possible by the Swedish infrastructure giant Ericsson (which provided the software to its radio infrastructure) and the device manufacturer Oppo (which provided its 5G-capable device powered by Qualcomm’s Snapdragon 865 5G Mobile Platform). Over the past year, Airtel has deployed LTE services using “5G-ready” Altiostar’s virtual open RAN software stack. This indicates that the operator’s 5G strategy may at least partially include O-RAN.

In a recent interview, Vi India’s CEO declared the company is also ready for a 5G rollout, but Vi India will wait for the 5G spectrum auction in the 3.3 GHz – 3.6 GHz band.

Jio, the telecom branch of Reliance Industries Limited (RIL), has been getting ready to roll out its homegrown O-RAN 5G network. Building an in-house cloud-native 5G core and radio access network from the ground up — while leveraging containerized network functions — will lay the groundwork for the operator to deliver improved security and spectral efficiency. This network approach can also enable new use cases like ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), network slicing and improved reliability, to name a few. Similar to Rakuten Mobile’s approach, Jio aims to leverage automation and artificial intelligence for network monitoring and optimization, as well as capacity planning. A zero-touch deployment approach promises to deliver rapid cell site provisioning, which opens the door for massive infrastructure scaling.

However, without a sufficient amount of wireless spectrum, LTE and 5G technologies won’t be able to deliver the ultra-fast speeds and low latency promised by the emerging technology. This is why the Indian Department of Communications (DoT) held a spectrum auction on March 1, 2021 to license the spectrum blocks in the 700 MHz and 800 MHz bands. Airtel opted for spectrum in the sub-GHz, mid band and 2300 MHz bands. Vi India did not disclose which spectrum it had purchased and Jio reportedly purchased spectrum in the 800 MHz, 1800 MHz and 2300 MHz bands to renew permits expiring in July. The 700 MHz band did not get any offers.

Mobile and fixed broadband are rapidly improving in India, and we’ll be watching this market for continued performance improvements in the near future. Soon, we’ll also be using data from Speedtest video testing to assess how networks are performing when streaming video. Try video testing on Speedtest for iOS now to see how well your operator supports streaming video.

Ookla retains ownership of this article including all of the intellectual property rights, data, content graphs and analysis. This article may not be quoted, reproduced, distributed or published for any commercial purpose without prior consent. Members of the press and others using the findings in this article for non-commercial purposes are welcome to publicly share and link to report information with attribution to Ookla.

Global Speeds

About the Author

Isla McKetta

Ookla Research™ Articles
| August 11, 2021

Recent Spectrum Gains Point to Improved 5G Outlook for Indian Consumers

Spectrum


Key takeaways

  • Network congestion has dragged down performance. Existing spectrum holdings, network infrastructure and network congestion have served to depress Indian consumer download speeds, which have stagnated at or below 10 Mbps over the past two years.
  • Recently acquired spectrum provides some relief. Ookla® Speedtest Intelligence® data demonstrates the positive impact of additional spectrum on Jio’s 4G LTE network performance and on consumer sentiment.
  • 5G to bring a potential 10x bump in network speeds. Recent 5G launches in Asia Pacific point to a potential 10x increase in median download speeds (5G vs 4G-LTE).
  • Pivotal year ahead for the Indian telecoms market. Over the next 12 months, TRAI and the new Telecoms Minister will have to help build confidence in the market in the face of Vi India’s liquidity issues, as well as tackle the complexities of India’s upcoming spectrum auction and 5G launch.
  • Silver lining — the benefits to India’s 5G auction delay. Launching later in the 5G tech cycle than planned will convey some benefits, for example the lower cost of 5G network equipment as the technology and vendor ecosystem matures, lower 5G smartphone prices and a larger pre-installed base of 5G-enabled smartphone users.

Network congestion constrains India’s 4G speeds

India has witnessed a rapid migration to mobile broadband services over the past five years, growing from 22.4%, of the more than 1 billion mobile connections in the country, on either 3G or 4G networks at the end of 2016, to over 70% by Q2 2021 according to GSMA Intelligence. Rapidly falling data prices, spurred by the arrival of Jio in the market, have contributed to strong increases in mobile data consumption. This trend has only accelerated as more video streaming services have targeted the market and as a result of recent COVID-19-related lockdowns. In its June 2021 Mobility Report, Ericsson called the market out as one of the regions with the highest mobile data use per smartphone globally, at 14.6 GB per month, well above the global average of 9 GB and second only to the GCC states. While 4G still has a way to go to support this growth, it’s clear that this combination of connections and data growth has put a strain on India’s 4G networks. Speeds have stagnated as a result, with median download speeds struggling to breach 10 Mbps during 2019 and 2020 according to Speedtest Intelligence data.

COVID and the implementation of lockdowns in the market have only served to complicate matters, leading to a delay in India’s much anticipated 5G auction and also to changes in consumer and enterprise demand. During the first wave of the pandemic, operators had to respond to a massive shift in traffic – from urban commercial centres to outskirts and residential areas in cities, and from urban to rural areas – and also growth in traffic due to lockdowns. They also had to contend with disrupted supply chains and an inability at times to physically deploy network components.

ookla_mobile_network_performance_india_8721

New spectrum boosts Jio’s performance and customer sentiment

Operators were better prepared during the second wave of COVID (Q1-Q2 2021) – being able to manage more of their network estates remotely but also having increased their spectrum holdings across a variety of bands. Median download speeds increased from 8.52 Mbps in calendar Q1 2021, to 10.44 Mbps in Q2 2021, while 4G Service (the percentage of operator known locations where a device has access to 4G LTE service) hit 96.0% in Q2 2021, up from 93.5% in Q4 2020.

Spectrum is the lifeblood of the industry. It’s an oft-used phrase, but our Indian data demonstrates its importance in helping Indian operators build more positive customer experiences. The starkest improvement in network performance over the past year has come from Jio. In March 2021 the operator acquired spectrum in the 800, 1800 and 2300 MHz bands, across 22 circles — a good mix of coverage and capacity spectrum to support its 4G LTE service. Importantly for Jio, this increased its overall spectrum footprint by 55% and included a number of contiguous blocks of spectrum.

Our data maps the increase in Jio’s performance since March, showing median download speeds increased from 5.96 Mbps in March 2021 to 13.08 Mbps in June. Its upload speeds and Consistency Score™ (% of samples which exceed 5 Mbps download and 1 Mbps upload) also saw considerable improvements. Most tellingly, at the same time its NPS score (the relative weight of a brand’s promoters and detractors) rose from -46.37 in March, to -25.93 in June.

ookla_mobile_network_performance_jio_india_8721-1

What India can expect from 5G

While the additional spectrum Jio acquired in March helped ease congestion on its 4G-LTE network, new spectrum, particularly for 5G use, is critical to the continued growth of the sector and to further improve the consumer experience across all operators. India clearly lags behind markets that have already begun 5G deployment, such as the U.K. and U.S. However, that doesn’t mean Indian operators are just playing a waiting game — it’s clear there’s a lot of work going on behind the scenes to help drive 5G commercialization once the spectrum becomes available. All three major network operators are busy conducting 5G trials and have achieved very impressive 5G speeds. On top of that, Airtel has already started to roll out 5G-ready network equipment and Jio is testing its own 5G open RAN solutions in several cities.

One of the key benefits of 5G is that it can operate over a wider range of spectrum frequencies than LTE. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) plans to allocate a wide band of 275 MHz of spectrum in the 3.3-3.6 GHz range (C-Band), which will offer much greater capacity than existing spectrum used for LTE services. Speedtest® data from other markets in Asia that have recently launched 5G (Thailand and the Philippines both launched 5G in Q1 2020) shows that the differential between 4G-LTE and 5G speeds was on average approximately 9-10x in Q2 2021.

Median 5G Performance Uplift in Countries with Recent 5G Launches
Q2 2021 | Speedtest® Intelligence
Country Launch Date 4G Download Speed (Mbps) 5G Download Speed (Mbps)
* All operators in Brazil had launched 5G by Q1 2021
Philippines Q2 2020 15.12 151.08
Thailand Q1 2020 25.99 231.45
South Africa Q2 2020 27.59 166.31
Brazil* Q3 2020 24.27 64.91

India’s 4G Consistency score has been improving. As of June 2021, 64.5% of 4G users in India could expect to achieve download speeds in excess of 5 Mbps, the speed required to stream HD video content, up from 52.9% in March. It’s impossible to say exactly how fast 5G will be for the average Indian user, given uncertainty over exact spectrum allocations and rollout plans (including the radio access network and improvements to backhaul and transport networks), but it’s safe to say 5G will bring a considerable bump to overall speeds in the country.

Market outlook: Turning a negative into a positive

It’s a big year ahead for TRAI and the new Communications Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw in overseeing a 5G auction to deliver an optimal outcome for the State while ensuring operators are able to invest adequately in 5G networks. However, it’s worth noting that there are two key benefits to the delay in India’s 5G launch, as the country witnessed from launching 4G-LTE relatively late in the tech cycle:

  • Network equipment costs will decrease. Over time the cost of 5G hardware will fall as the technology and vendor ecosystem matures, and Indian operators’ moves to embrace Open RAN will drive network costs yet lower.
  • 5G devices will be cheaper and more widely available. 5G smartphone prices have already fallen since the technology launched, and this trend will continue, spurred in India by partnerships such as Jio Platform’s with Google. Interestingly, we’re already seeing a growing number of Speedtest results running on 5G capable devices in India. This indicates there will be a pre-installed user base that operators can target from day one of launch.

5G should represent a step up in experience over current 4G LTE networks for Indian consumers, providing the bandwidth and latency to enjoy uninterrupted access to services such as high-definition video streaming, mobile gaming and video calling on the go. The advent of 5G should propel the market up the ranks on the Speedtest Global Index™, where it sat in 122nd place for median download speed as of June 2021. For Indian mobile operators and the regulator, the 5G era should be one of growing stability. With three large-scale operators, we’re unlikely to return to the price wars that occurred during the early 4G tech cycle, which is important in ensuring adequate re-investment in networks. Beyond that, I see a clear desire to be at the forefront of next generation network technologies. This is shown by the moves to embrace Open RAN and network virtualisation by all three mobile operators, the government’s Make in India initiative and the Indian Telecom Standard Body’s recent submission of its 6G vision to the ITU.

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About the Author

Mark Giles